Mulliken electronegativity scale
E27692
The Mulliken electronegativity scale is a quantitative measure of an atom’s tendency to attract electrons, defined as the average of its ionization energy and electron affinity.
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
chemical concept
→
electronegativity scale → |
| appliesTo |
atoms
→
ions → molecules → |
| assumes |
gas-phase atomic properties
→
isolated atom approximation → |
| AstandsFor |
electron affinity
→
|
| basedOn |
electron affinity
→
ionization energy → |
| canBeConvertedTo |
Pauling electronegativity values
→
|
| category |
atomic property scale
→
|
| classification |
energy-based electronegativity scale
→
|
| comparedWith |
Pauling scale via linear correlations
→
|
| definition |
average of the ionization energy and electron affinity of an atom
→
|
| dependsOn |
experimental electron affinities
→
experimental ionization energies → |
| describes |
tendency of an atom to attract electrons
→
|
| field |
chemistry
→
physical chemistry → quantum chemistry → |
| formula |
χ_M = (I + A) / 2
→
|
| hasLimitation |
less practical for elements with poorly known electron affinities
→
requires reliable electron affinity data → |
| influences |
concept of chemical hardness
→
|
| introducedBy |
Robert S. Mulliken
→
|
| introducedInYear |
1934
→
|
| IstandsFor |
ionization energy
→
|
| isTypeOf |
absolute electronegativity definition
→
|
| namedAfter |
Robert S. Mulliken
→
|
| quantifies |
absolute electronegativity
→
|
| relatedConcept |
Pearson absolute electronegativity
→
chemical potential in density functional theory → |
| relatedTo |
Allred–Rochow electronegativity scale
→
Pauling electronegativity scale → |
| symbol |
χ_M
→
|
| usedFor |
estimating charge distribution in molecules
→
predicting bond polarity → rationalizing chemical reactivity → |
| usedIn |
computational chemistry
→
molecular orbital theory interpretations → theoretical chemistry → |
| usedToExplain |
direction of electron flow in reactions
→
relative acidity and basicity trends → |
| usesUnits |
electronvolts
→
|
Referenced by (4)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Allred–Rochow electronegativity scale
→
Pauling electronegativity scale → |
relatedTo |
|
Allen electronegativity scale
→
|
comparedTo |
|
Allen electronegativity scale
→
|
isAlternativeTo |