Gamow–Teller theory
E400604
Gamow–Teller theory is a refinement of beta decay theory that incorporates nuclear spin and parity changes by introducing axial-vector (spin-dependent) weak interactions alongside Fermi’s vector interactions.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Gamow–Teller theory canonical | 1 |
| Gamow–Teller transitions | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3921325 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gamow–Teller theory Context triple: [Fermi theory of beta decay, relatedTo, Gamow–Teller theory]
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A.
Fermi theory of beta decay
The Fermi theory of beta decay is Enrico Fermi’s pioneering quantum field theory model that explains beta decay as a weak interaction process mediated by a four-fermion contact interaction, laying the groundwork for modern weak interaction theory.
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B.
Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission
The Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission is the 1939 theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch that identified nuclear fission as the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei with a corresponding release of enormous energy, laying the groundwork for nuclear physics and atomic energy.
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C.
Herzberg–Teller approximation
The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
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D.
Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle
The Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle is a nuclear fusion process in stars, particularly massive ones, where hydrogen is converted into helium through a catalytic cycle involving carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei.
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E.
Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions
The Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions is a theoretical expression developed by Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman that estimates the energy yield and behavior of nuclear detonations based on fundamental physical parameters of the device.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gamow–Teller theory Target entity description: Gamow–Teller theory is a refinement of beta decay theory that incorporates nuclear spin and parity changes by introducing axial-vector (spin-dependent) weak interactions alongside Fermi’s vector interactions.
-
A.
Fermi theory of beta decay
The Fermi theory of beta decay is Enrico Fermi’s pioneering quantum field theory model that explains beta decay as a weak interaction process mediated by a four-fermion contact interaction, laying the groundwork for modern weak interaction theory.
-
B.
Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission
The Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission is the 1939 theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch that identified nuclear fission as the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei with a corresponding release of enormous energy, laying the groundwork for nuclear physics and atomic energy.
-
C.
Herzberg–Teller approximation
The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
-
D.
Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle
The Bethe–Weizsäcker cycle is a nuclear fusion process in stars, particularly massive ones, where hydrogen is converted into helium through a catalytic cycle involving carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei.
-
E.
Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions
The Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions is a theoretical expression developed by Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman that estimates the energy yield and behavior of nuclear detonations based on fundamental physical parameters of the device.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
nuclear physics theory
ⓘ
physical theory ⓘ weak interaction theory ⓘ |
| accountsFor |
nuclear spin changes in beta decay
ⓘ
parity selection rules in beta decay ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
electron capture
ⓘ
nuclear beta-minus decay ⓘ nuclear beta-plus decay ⓘ |
| assumes | non-relativistic nuclear wave functions for many applications ⓘ |
| basedOn |
Fermi theory of beta decay
ⓘ
surface form:
Fermi’s four-fermion interaction
|
| clarifies | role of nuclear spin in weak processes ⓘ |
| connectedTo |
conservation of vector current (CVC)
ⓘ
partial conservation of axial current (PCAC) ⓘ |
| describes | beta decay ⓘ |
| developedBy |
Edward Teller
ⓘ
George Gamow ⓘ |
| distinguishes |
Fermi transitions
ⓘ
Gamow–Teller theory self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Gamow–Teller transitions
|
| explains | relative strengths of Fermi and Gamow–Teller beta transitions ⓘ |
| field |
nuclear physics
ⓘ
particle physics ⓘ |
| hasConsequence |
classification of beta transitions as allowed or forbidden
ⓘ
separate contributions of Fermi and Gamow–Teller matrix elements to decay rates ⓘ |
| includes |
spin-dependent weak interaction
ⓘ
vector weak interaction ⓘ |
| inspired | later developments in weak interaction theory ⓘ |
| introduces | axial-vector weak interaction ⓘ |
| involves |
axial-vector current
ⓘ
vector current ⓘ |
| predicts |
allowed beta transitions with ΔJ = 0, ±1 (excluding 0→0) for Gamow–Teller type
ⓘ
no spin change (ΔJ = 0) for pure Fermi transitions ⓘ |
| refines | Fermi theory of beta decay ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Fermi theory of beta decay
ⓘ
surface form:
V–A theory of weak interactions
|
| relates | beta decay rates to nuclear matrix elements ⓘ |
| relevantFor |
astrophysical weak processes in stars
ⓘ
beta decay of mirror nuclei ⓘ supernova neutrino interactions ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 1930s ⓘ |
| usedIn |
analysis of nuclear selection rules
ⓘ
calculation of ft values in beta decay ⓘ double beta decay studies ⓘ neutrino–nucleus interaction calculations ⓘ nuclear structure studies ⓘ |
| uses |
axial-vector coupling constant g_A
ⓘ
vector coupling constant g_V ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Gamow–Teller theory Description of subject: Gamow–Teller theory is a refinement of beta decay theory that incorporates nuclear spin and parity changes by introducing axial-vector (spin-dependent) weak interactions alongside Fermi’s vector interactions.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Gamow–Teller transitions