Cisuralian Epoch
E392438
The Cisuralian Epoch is the earliest subdivision of the Permian, marking a time of significant diversification of terrestrial life and continued development of early amniotes following the late Paleozoic ice age.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Cisuralian Epoch canonical | 4 |
| Cisuralian Series | 1 |
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
geologic epoch
ⓘ
subdivision of the Permian Period ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Lower Permian Series ⓘ |
| associatedWith | post-glacial isostatic and eustatic sea-level changes ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
abundant coal-bearing and red-bed continental deposits in some regions
ⓘ
continued radiation of early amniotes ⓘ development of early synapsid-dominated faunas ⓘ diversification of terrestrial ecosystems ⓘ expansion of arid and seasonally dry continental interiors ⓘ retreat of late Paleozoic continental ice sheets ⓘ |
| chronostratigraphicRank | series ⓘ |
| climate | transition from late Paleozoic ice age to generally warmer and drier conditions ⓘ |
| containsAge |
Artinskian Age
ⓘ
Asselian Age ⓘ Artinskian Age ⓘ
surface form:
Kungurian Age
Sakmarian Age ⓘ |
| earliestEpochOf | Permian Period ⓘ |
| end | approximately 272.3 million years ago ⓘ |
| eon | Phanerozoic Eon ⓘ |
| era | Paleozoic Era ⓘ |
| followedBy | Guadalupian Epoch ⓘ |
| follows |
Carboniferous period
ⓘ
surface form:
Late Carboniferous
Carboniferous period ⓘ
surface form:
Pennsylvanian Subperiod
|
| geochronologicRank | epoch ⓘ |
| lowerBoundaryDefinedBy | first appearance datum of the conodont Streptognathodus isolatus ⓘ |
| lowerBoundaryStratotype |
GSSP at Aidaralash Creek, Kazakhstan (base of Asselian)
ⓘ
surface form:
Global Stratotype Section and Point at Aidaralash Creek near Aqtöbe, Kazakhstan
|
| marineLife |
abundant brachiopods
ⓘ
ammonoids and other cephalopods ⓘ diverse crinoids and other echinoderms ⓘ diverse fusulinid foraminifera ⓘ |
| namedAfter | western slope of the Ural Mountains (Cis-Uralian region) ⓘ |
| notableFor | shift from coal-swamp ecosystems to more xeric terrestrial biomes ⓘ |
| paleogeography |
assembly and early evolution of the supercontinent Pangea
ⓘ
extensive interior continental basins ⓘ |
| partOf |
Paleozoic Era
ⓘ
Permian Period ⓘ |
| plantLife | expansion of seed ferns and conifers in drier habitats ⓘ |
| positionInPermian | lower (earliest) series of the Permian ⓘ |
| recognizedBy | International Commission on Stratigraphy ⓘ |
| standardGlobalUse | international chronostratigraphic chart ⓘ |
| start | approximately 298.9 million years ago ⓘ |
| system |
Permian Period
ⓘ
surface form:
Permian System
|
| terrestrialLife |
decline of many Carboniferous lycopsid swamp floras
ⓘ
diverse early reptiles (sauropsid amniotes) ⓘ early pelycosaur-grade synapsids ⓘ early therapsid precursors ⓘ |
| timeSpan | about 26.6 million years ⓘ |
| upperBoundaryApproximateEvent | significant faunal turnover in marine invertebrates ⓘ |
| upperBoundaryDefinedBy | base of the Guadalupian Epoch ⓘ |
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.