Ibn al-Shatir planetary model
E311987
The Ibn al-Shatir planetary model is a 14th-century geocentric astronomical system that replaced Ptolemy’s equant with epicycles to more accurately predict planetary motions and anticipated key mathematical features of later heliocentric models.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ibn al-Shatir planetary model canonical | 1 |
| Ibn al-Shatir's Nihayat al-Sul fi Tashih al-Usul | 1 |
| Maragha planetary models | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2931340 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ibn al-Shatir planetary model Context triple: [Islamic astronomy, introducedConcept, Ibn al-Shatir planetary model]
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A.
Alfonsine Tables
The Alfonsine Tables are a set of medieval astronomical tables, compiled under the patronage of Alfonso X of Castile in the 13th century, that provided planetary positions and were widely used in Europe for centuries.
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B.
Tychonic system
The Tychonic system is a historical hybrid model of the cosmos in which Earth is stationary at the center while the Sun orbits Earth and the other planets orbit the Sun, proposed as a compromise between geocentric and heliocentric theories.
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C.
Ptolemaic system
The Ptolemaic system is an ancient geocentric cosmological model that places Earth at the center of the universe with the Sun, Moon, and planets moving around it in complex circular paths.
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D.
Rudolphine Tables
The Rudolphine Tables are a landmark 17th-century star catalog and set of astronomical tables compiled by Johannes Kepler, renowned for their unprecedented accuracy in predicting planetary positions.
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E.
Copernican system
The Copernican system is the heliocentric model of the cosmos that placed the Sun, rather than the Earth, at the center of planetary motion, fundamentally transforming astronomy and science.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ibn al-Shatir planetary model Target entity description: The Ibn al-Shatir planetary model is a 14th-century geocentric astronomical system that replaced Ptolemy’s equant with epicycles to more accurately predict planetary motions and anticipated key mathematical features of later heliocentric models.
-
A.
Alfonsine Tables
The Alfonsine Tables are a set of medieval astronomical tables, compiled under the patronage of Alfonso X of Castile in the 13th century, that provided planetary positions and were widely used in Europe for centuries.
-
B.
Tychonic system
The Tychonic system is a historical hybrid model of the cosmos in which Earth is stationary at the center while the Sun orbits Earth and the other planets orbit the Sun, proposed as a compromise between geocentric and heliocentric theories.
-
C.
Ptolemaic system
The Ptolemaic system is an ancient geocentric cosmological model that places Earth at the center of the universe with the Sun, Moon, and planets moving around it in complex circular paths.
-
D.
Rudolphine Tables
The Rudolphine Tables are a landmark 17th-century star catalog and set of astronomical tables compiled by Johannes Kepler, renowned for their unprecedented accuracy in predicting planetary positions.
-
E.
Copernican system
The Copernican system is the heliocentric model of the cosmos that placed the Sun, rather than the Earth, at the center of planetary motion, fundamentally transforming astronomy and science.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
astronomical model
ⓘ
geocentric planetary model ⓘ medieval Islamic astronomical theory ⓘ |
| aimsTo | improve accuracy of planetary predictions ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
Jupiter
ⓘ
Mars ⓘ Mercury ⓘ Moon ⓘ Saturn ⓘ Sun ⓘ Venus ⓘ |
| assumes |
Earth at rest at the center of the universe
ⓘ
finite nested spheres for planetary orbits ⓘ |
| basedOn |
Ptolemaic system
ⓘ
surface form:
Ptolemaic astronomy
|
| comparedTo |
Copernican system
ⓘ
surface form:
Copernican heliocentric model
|
| culturalContext | Islamic astronomy ⓘ |
| developedBy | Ibn al-Shatir ⓘ |
| documentedIn | works of Ibn al-Shatir on planetary theory ⓘ |
| field |
astronomy
ⓘ
mathematical astronomy ⓘ |
| goal | reconcile uniform circular motion with observed planetary anomalies ⓘ |
| hasFeature |
elimination of equant point
ⓘ
geocentric Earth-centered universe ⓘ mathematical devices similar to later heliocentric models ⓘ non-uniform circular motion represented by epicycles ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
illustrates advanced mathematical techniques in medieval Islamic science
ⓘ
represents peak of pre-Copernican geocentric modeling ⓘ |
| improvesOn |
Almagest
ⓘ
surface form:
Ptolemy’s Almagest models
Almagest ⓘ
surface form:
Ptolemy’s Planetary Hypotheses
|
| influenced | later Islamic astronomers ⓘ |
| languageOfOriginalDescription | Arabic ⓘ |
| notableFor |
anticipation of mathematical structure of Copernican models
ⓘ
elimination of physically problematic equant ⓘ high numerical agreement with observed planetary positions ⓘ |
| placeOfOrigin | Damascus ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
epicyclic kinematics
ⓘ
equant-free planetary models ⓘ pre-Copernican cosmology ⓘ |
| replaces | Ptolemy’s equant ⓘ |
| sharesMathematicalFeaturesWith | Copernicus’s planetary models ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 14th century ⓘ |
| uses |
coupled circular motions to simulate non-uniformity
ⓘ
deferent-epicycle system ⓘ double-epicycle constructions ⓘ epicycles ⓘ parameters derived from observations in Damascus ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ibn al-Shatir planetary model Description of subject: The Ibn al-Shatir planetary model is a 14th-century geocentric astronomical system that replaced Ptolemy’s equant with epicycles to more accurately predict planetary motions and anticipated key mathematical features of later heliocentric models.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Ibn al-Shatir's Nihayat al-Sul fi Tashih al-Usul
this entity surface form:
Maragha planetary models