Southern Ocean

E2696

Earth's ocean ocean

The Southern Ocean is the remote, icy ocean encircling Antarctica, known for its powerful circumpolar currents, rich marine ecosystems, and crucial role in regulating Earth’s climate.

Aliases (8)

Statements (52)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Earth's ocean → ocean →
alsoKnownAs	Antarctic Ocean → Southern Ocean (fifth ocean) →
Antarctic Circumpolar CurrentDirection	west to east →
Antarctic Circumpolar CurrentSpeed	fastest major ocean current →
AntarcticCircumpolarCurrentRole	connects Atlantic Pacific and Indian Oceans →
AntarcticConvergenceRole	boundary between cold polar and warmer subantarctic waters →
borders	Indian Ocean → South Atlantic Ocean → South Pacific Ocean →
boundedByLatitude	approximately south of 60 degrees south →
contains	Amundsen Sea → Bellingshausen Sea → Ross Sea → Scotia Sea → South Sandwich Trench → Weddell Sea →
deepWaterFormationContributesTo	global thermohaline circulation →
encircles	Antarctica →
governedBy	Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources →
hasArea	approximately 20 million square kilometers →
hasAverageDepth	approximately 4000 meters →
hasClimateRole	major carbon sink → major heat sink →
hasCurrent	Antarctic Circumpolar Current →
hasEcosystem	rich marine ecosystem →
hasEnvironmentalIssue	climate change impacts → fishing pressure on krill and toothfish → ocean acidification → ocean warming → sea ice decline in some regions →
hasFront	Antarctic Convergence →
hasIcebergs	large tabular icebergs calved from Antarctic ice shelves →
hasKeySpeciesRole	Antarctic krill as keystone species →
hasMaximumDepth	approximately 7235 meters →
hasNotableFeature	remote and sparsely populated region →
hasProcess	deep water formation →
hasSeaIceExtent	strongly seasonal →
hasTemperature	generally near freezing →
influences	global climate system →
locatedInHemisphere	Southern Hemisphere →
partOf	World Ocean →
recognizedAsOceanSince	2000 →
recognizedBy	International Hydrographic Organization →
seaIceMaximumExtent	around September →
seaIceMinimumExtent	around February →
supportsSpecies	Antarctic krill → albatrosses → penguins → seals → whales →

Referenced by (133)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
American-Antarctic Ridge → Amundsen Sea → Antarctic Circumpolar Current → Antarctic Circumpolar Current → Antarctic Convergence → Antarctic Peninsula → Argentine Antarctica → Bellingshausen Station → Bransfield Strait → British Antarctic Territory → Cape Horn sea route → Decepción Base → Drake Passage → Furious Fifties → Great Australian Bight → Greenwich Island → Gulf St Vincent → Indian subantarctic islands → Joinville Island group → Kangaroo Island → King George Island → Mount Nivea → Nansen Island → Pacific-Antarctic Ridge → Robert Island → Ross Sea → Scotia Sea → South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands → South Orkney Islands → South Sandwich Trench → South Scotia Ridge → South Shetland Islands → Subantarctic Front → Tasmania → Trinity Peninsula ("Southern Ocean region") → Weddell Sea → West Wind Drift → the Screaming Sixties →	locatedIn
Amundsen Sea → Bass Strait → CCAMLR Convention Area → Pacific sector → Ross Sea → Scotia Sea → South Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean → Strait of Magellan ("Southern Ocean maritime routes") → Weddell Sea →	partOf
Goldfields-Esperance region → Limestone Coast → South Australia → South Australia → Victoria → Western Australia →	hasCoastlineOn
South Pacific ("Antarctic Ocean") → Southern Cone geopolitical region of Chile → Trinity Peninsula →	borders
Atlantic Ocean → Pacific Ocean → Tasman Sea →	connectedTo
Antarctic fur seal → leopard seal ("Antarctic waters") → leopard seal →	nativeTo
Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources → RAAF Base Edinburgh → Scientific Committee on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources →	regionServed
Southern Ocean ("Antarctic Ocean") → Southern Ocean ("Southern Ocean (fifth ocean)") →	alsoKnownAs
Drake Shake → William Smith →	associatedWith
Tasmania → Western Australia →	borderedBy
Americas → Oceania →	borderedByOcean
Atlantic Ocean ("Southern Ocean to the south") → Tasman Sea →	boundedBy
HMS Adventure → HMS Resolution →	exploredRegion
Mid-Atlantic Ridge → South Atlantic mid-ocean ridge system →	extendsTo
American-Antarctic Ridge → South Sandwich Trench →	ocean
Amundsen Sea → Pacific-Antarctic Ridge →	oceanBasin
Royal Australian Navy → Royal New Zealand Navy →	operatesIn
Antarctica → Kerguelen Islands →	surroundedBy
Nathaniel Palmer →	activeIn
South America by the Drake Passage →	adjacentTo
Committee for Environmental Protection (Antarctic Treaty) →	appliesTo
Scientific Committee on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources →	appliesToJurisdiction
Second voyage of James Cook →	areaExplored
Southeastern Australia →	bordersBodyOfWater
Indian Ocean →	bordersOcean
Ross Dependency →	bordersOn
Indian Ocean →	bordersRegion
Pacific Ocean →	bordersToSouth
Western Hemisphere →	contains
Southern Hemisphere →	containsPartOf
International Date Line →	crosses
Dermochelys coriacea →	distribution
Murray–Darling Basin →	drainsInto
Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery ("Southern Ocean region") →	focusesOn
Antarctic Bottom Water →	formedInOcean
American-Antarctic Ridge ("Southern Ocean basin") →	formsBoundaryBetween
World Ocean Floor map →	geographicCoverage
Scorpaeniformes →	geographicDistribution
Dana →	geographicFocus
Antarctic krill →	habitat
South West region of Western Australia →	hasCoastOn
Earth →	hasOcean
America →	hasOceanBoundary
World Ocean →	hasPart
Waterboat Point →	hasSurroundingWaterbody
Eastern Hemisphere ("Southern Ocean (eastern part)") →	includesOcean
Trinity Peninsula →	isGatewayBetween
Snow Island →	locatedInBodyOfWater
West Antarctica →	locatedInOcean
Esperance →	locatedOn
Frei Base →	locatedOnCoastOf
Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research →	location
Eocene–Oligocene climate transition →	locationOfEffect
Derwent River →	mouthLocatedIn
Murray River →	mouthLocation
Vernadsky Research Base →	nearbyWaterBody
Esperance →	oceanInfluence
Scotia Ridge →	oceanRegion
Antarctic Circle →	passesThrough
William Smith →	placeOfActivity
Signy Research Station →	region
Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources →	regionCovered
HMS Challenger →	route
Cámara Base →	sea