Post-Keynesian economics
E210000
Post-Keynesian economics is a heterodox school of economic thought, inspired by John Maynard Keynes and further developed by economists like Nicholas Kaldor, that emphasizes fundamental uncertainty, the role of effective demand, and the importance of institutions and income distribution in determining macroeconomic outcomes.
All labels observed (6)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| post-Keynesian economics | 3 |
| Post-Keynesian economics canonical | 1 |
| Post-Keynesianism | 1 |
| post-Keynesian economists | 1 |
| post-Keynesian school | 1 |
| post-Keynesian synthesis | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1886227 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Post-Keynesian economics Context triple: [Nicholas Kaldor, movement, Post-Keynesian economics]
-
A.
New Keynesian economics
New Keynesian economics is a modern macroeconomic framework that incorporates rational expectations and micro-founded price and wage rigidities to explain short-run economic fluctuations and justify active stabilization policy.
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B.
Keynesian economics
Keynesian economics is a macroeconomic theory that emphasizes the role of aggregate demand and government intervention in stabilizing economic fluctuations and reducing unemployment.
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C.
New Classical macroeconomics
New Classical macroeconomics is a school of thought that emphasizes rational expectations, market-clearing models, and the idea that systematic monetary policy has limited real effects on output and employment.
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D.
New Neoclassical Synthesis
The New Neoclassical Synthesis is a macroeconomic framework that blends key elements of New Keynesian and New Classical theories, using microfounded models with rational expectations and nominal rigidities to analyze monetary and fiscal policy.
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E.
neoclassical synthesis
The neoclassical synthesis is a mid-20th-century economic framework that blends Keynesian macroeconomics with neoclassical microeconomics to explain and guide modern mixed-market economies.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Post-Keynesian economics Target entity description: Post-Keynesian economics is a heterodox school of economic thought, inspired by John Maynard Keynes and further developed by economists like Nicholas Kaldor, that emphasizes fundamental uncertainty, the role of effective demand, and the importance of institutions and income distribution in determining macroeconomic outcomes.
-
A.
New Keynesian economics
New Keynesian economics is a modern macroeconomic framework that incorporates rational expectations and micro-founded price and wage rigidities to explain short-run economic fluctuations and justify active stabilization policy.
-
B.
Keynesian economics
Keynesian economics is a macroeconomic theory that emphasizes the role of aggregate demand and government intervention in stabilizing economic fluctuations and reducing unemployment.
-
C.
New Classical macroeconomics
New Classical macroeconomics is a school of thought that emphasizes rational expectations, market-clearing models, and the idea that systematic monetary policy has limited real effects on output and employment.
-
D.
New Neoclassical Synthesis
The New Neoclassical Synthesis is a macroeconomic framework that blends key elements of New Keynesian and New Classical theories, using microfounded models with rational expectations and nominal rigidities to analyze monetary and fiscal policy.
-
E.
neoclassical synthesis
The neoclassical synthesis is a mid-20th-century economic framework that blends Keynesian macroeconomics with neoclassical microeconomics to explain and guide modern mixed-market economies.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
heterodox school of economic thought
ⓘ
macroeconomic theory ⓘ |
| associatedWithConcept |
Cambridge capital controversies
ⓘ
financial instability hypothesis ⓘ profit-led growth ⓘ stock-flow consistent modeling ⓘ wage-led growth ⓘ |
| associatedWithInstitution | Post-Keynesian Economics Society ⓘ |
| associatedWithJournal |
Journal of Post Keynesian Economics
ⓘ
Review of Keynesian Economics ⓘ |
| contrastsWith |
New Keynesian economics
ⓘ
monetarism ⓘ neoclassical economics ⓘ |
| developedBy |
Alfred Eichner
ⓘ
Basil Moore ⓘ G. L. S. Shackle ⓘ Hyman Minsky ⓘ Joan Robinson ⓘ Luigi Pasinetti ⓘ Michał Kalecki ⓘ
surface form:
Michal Kalecki
Nicholas Kaldor ⓘ Paul Davidson ⓘ Victoria Chick ⓘ |
| emphasizesConcept |
effective demand
ⓘ
endogenous money ⓘ fundamental non-ergodicity of the economy ⓘ fundamental uncertainty ⓘ historical time ⓘ income distribution ⓘ non-neutrality of money ⓘ path dependence ⓘ role of institutions ⓘ |
| field | economics ⓘ |
| includesSubschool |
Kaldorian growth theory
ⓘ
Kaleckian economics ⓘ financial instability hypothesis ⓘ
surface form:
Minskian financial instability approach
Sraffian or neo-Ricardian strand ⓘ |
| inspiredBy | John Maynard Keynes ⓘ |
| rejectsAssumption |
general equilibrium as a realistic description of the economy
ⓘ
natural rate of unemployment as policy-invariant ⓘ rational expectations as generally valid ⓘ representative agent ⓘ |
| supportsView |
demand determines output in the long run
ⓘ
distribution affects growth ⓘ institutions shape macroeconomic outcomes ⓘ investment drives saving ⓘ money is not neutral in the long run ⓘ |
| timePeriodOfDevelopment | mid-20th century ⓘ |
| viewsFirmsAs | oligopolistic ⓘ |
| viewsMoneyAs | endogenous ⓘ |
| viewsPricesAs | administered prices ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Post-Keynesian economics Description of subject: Post-Keynesian economics is a heterodox school of economic thought, inspired by John Maynard Keynes and further developed by economists like Nicholas Kaldor, that emphasizes fundamental uncertainty, the role of effective demand, and the importance of institutions and income distribution in determining macroeconomic outcomes.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Post-Keynesianism
this entity surface form:
post-Keynesian synthesis
subject surface form:
Nicholas Kaldor
this entity surface form:
post-Keynesian economics
this entity surface form:
post-Keynesian economics
this entity surface form:
post-Keynesian economics
this entity surface form:
post-Keynesian school
this entity surface form:
post-Keynesian economists