Kaldor–Verdoorn law
E210002
The Kaldor–Verdoorn law is an economic principle that posits a positive relationship between the growth of output and the growth of labor productivity, often used to explain cumulative and self-reinforcing processes in industrial growth.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Kaldor–Verdoorn law canonical | 3 |
| Verdoorn's law | 2 |
| Kaldor–Verdoorn relation | 1 |
| Kaldor’s growth laws | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1886231 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kaldor–Verdoorn law Context triple: [Nicholas Kaldor, knownFor, Kaldor–Verdoorn law]
-
A.
Hicks–Kaldor compensation criterion
The Hicks–Kaldor compensation criterion is an economic efficiency test stating that a policy change is desirable if those who gain could in principle compensate those who lose and still be better off, regardless of whether compensation actually occurs.
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B.
Laffer curve
The Laffer curve is an economic theory that illustrates the relationship between tax rates and government revenue, suggesting that beyond a certain point higher tax rates reduce total revenue by discouraging work and investment.
-
C.
Say's law
Say's law is a classical economic principle asserting that aggregate supply inherently creates an equivalent level of aggregate demand, implying that general overproduction in an economy is unlikely.
-
D.
Phillips curve framework
The Phillips curve framework is a macroeconomic concept that posits an inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment, shaping policymakers’ understanding of inflation dynamics and trade-offs in the postwar era.
-
E.
Fisher equation
The Fisher equation is a fundamental economic formula that relates nominal interest rates, real interest rates, and expected inflation, widely used in macroeconomics and finance.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kaldor–Verdoorn law Target entity description: The Kaldor–Verdoorn law is an economic principle that posits a positive relationship between the growth of output and the growth of labor productivity, often used to explain cumulative and self-reinforcing processes in industrial growth.
-
A.
Hicks–Kaldor compensation criterion
The Hicks–Kaldor compensation criterion is an economic efficiency test stating that a policy change is desirable if those who gain could in principle compensate those who lose and still be better off, regardless of whether compensation actually occurs.
-
B.
Laffer curve
The Laffer curve is an economic theory that illustrates the relationship between tax rates and government revenue, suggesting that beyond a certain point higher tax rates reduce total revenue by discouraging work and investment.
-
C.
Say's law
Say's law is a classical economic principle asserting that aggregate supply inherently creates an equivalent level of aggregate demand, implying that general overproduction in an economy is unlikely.
-
D.
Phillips curve framework
The Phillips curve framework is a macroeconomic concept that posits an inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment, shaping policymakers’ understanding of inflation dynamics and trade-offs in the postwar era.
-
E.
Fisher equation
The Fisher equation is a fundamental economic formula that relates nominal interest rates, real interest rates, and expected inflation, widely used in macroeconomics and finance.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
economic law
ⓘ
macroeconomic principle ⓘ post-Keynesian concept ⓘ |
| appliedTo |
European regional growth studies
ⓘ
developing country industrialization analysis ⓘ regional convergence and divergence debates ⓘ |
| associatedWithEconomist |
Nicholas Kaldor
ⓘ
Petrus Johannes Verdoorn ⓘ |
| associatedWithSchool |
Post-Keynesian economics
ⓘ
surface form:
post-Keynesian economics
|
| contrastsWith | neoclassical exogenous productivity assumptions ⓘ |
| coreIdea |
industrial growth can be cumulative and self-reinforcing
ⓘ
productivity growth is endogenous to output growth ⓘ there is a positive relationship between output growth and labor productivity growth ⓘ |
| empiricalFinding |
estimated Verdoorn coefficient is usually positive
ⓘ
productivity growth tends to be higher in faster-growing industries ⓘ |
| explains |
cumulative causation in economic growth
ⓘ
increasing returns in manufacturing ⓘ regional divergence in productivity ⓘ |
| field |
economics
ⓘ
growth theory ⓘ industrial economics ⓘ macroeconomics ⓘ |
| focusesOn |
labor productivity growth
ⓘ
manufacturing output growth ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
Kaldor–Verdoorn law
ⓘ
surface form:
Kaldor–Verdoorn relation
|
| implies |
dynamic increasing returns to scale
ⓘ
export-led growth can raise productivity ⓘ path dependence in industrial development ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm | labor productivity growth is a linear function of output growth ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Nicholas Kaldor
ⓘ
Petrus Johannes Verdoorn ⓘ |
| policyImplication |
industrial policy can exploit increasing returns
ⓘ
policies that stimulate output can also raise productivity ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Kaldor’s stylized facts of economic growth
ⓘ
surface form:
Kaldor's growth laws
Kaldor–Verdoorn law self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Verdoorn's law
cumulative causation ⓘ endogenous technical progress ⓘ increasing returns to scale ⓘ learning by doing ⓘ |
| supportsView | demand-led growth ⓘ |
| timePeriodOfDevelopment | mid-20th century ⓘ |
| typicalContext | industrialized economies ⓘ |
| typicalSpecification | p = a + b·q where p is productivity growth and q is output growth ⓘ |
| usedIn |
empirical studies of manufacturing sectors
ⓘ
endogenous growth models ⓘ regional growth analysis ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Kaldor–Verdoorn law Description of subject: The Kaldor–Verdoorn law is an economic principle that posits a positive relationship between the growth of output and the growth of labor productivity, often used to explain cumulative and self-reinforcing processes in industrial growth.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Kaldor’s growth laws
subject surface form:
Nicholas Kaldor
this entity surface form:
Kaldor–Verdoorn relation
this entity surface form:
Verdoorn's law
this entity surface form:
Verdoorn's law
subject surface form:
Nicholas Kaldor