Ornithurae
E180457
Ornithurae is a clade of birds that includes all modern birds and their closest extinct relatives characterized by a shortened, fused tail (pygostyle).
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Avialae | 3 |
| Ornithurae canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1584487 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ornithurae Context triple: [Aves, hasSubgroup, Ornithurae]
-
A.
Theropoda
Theropoda is a major group of mostly bipedal, primarily carnivorous dinosaurs that includes famous species like Tyrannosaurus rex and the ancestors of modern birds.
-
B.
Neognathae
Neognathae is the vast clade of modern birds characterized by a highly mobile upper jaw and encompassing nearly all living bird species except the flightless ratites and their relatives.
-
C.
Dinosauria
Dinosauria is a diverse clade of reptiles that originated in the Mesozoic Era and includes both extinct non-avian dinosaurs and modern birds.
-
D.
Whippomorpha
Whippomorpha is a mammalian clade that includes whales, dolphins, and hippopotamuses, uniting these seemingly disparate animals based on shared evolutionary ancestry.
-
E.
Aves
Aves is the biological class comprising all modern birds, characterized by feathers, beaks, and typically the ability to fly.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ornithurae Target entity description: Ornithurae is a clade of birds that includes all modern birds and their closest extinct relatives characterized by a shortened, fused tail (pygostyle).
-
A.
Theropoda
Theropoda is a major group of mostly bipedal, primarily carnivorous dinosaurs that includes famous species like Tyrannosaurus rex and the ancestors of modern birds.
-
B.
Neognathae
Neognathae is the vast clade of modern birds characterized by a highly mobile upper jaw and encompassing nearly all living bird species except the flightless ratites and their relatives.
-
C.
Dinosauria
Dinosauria is a diverse clade of reptiles that originated in the Mesozoic Era and includes both extinct non-avian dinosaurs and modern birds.
-
D.
Whippomorpha
Whippomorpha is a mammalian clade that includes whales, dolphins, and hippopotamuses, uniting these seemingly disparate animals based on shared evolutionary ancestry.
-
E.
Aves
Aves is the biological class comprising all modern birds, characterized by feathers, beaks, and typically the ability to fly.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
avian clade
ⓘ
clade ⓘ taxon ⓘ |
| bodyCovering | feathers ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
fused tail
ⓘ
pygostyle ⓘ shortened tail ⓘ |
| class | Aves ⓘ |
| contains | all living bird species ⓘ |
| definedBy | presence of pygostyle and reduced free caudal vertebrae ⓘ |
| dietDiversity |
carnivorous members
ⓘ
herbivorous members ⓘ omnivorous members ⓘ |
| distinguishedBy | modern-type tail morphology ⓘ |
| distinguishedFrom | Enantiornithes ⓘ |
| etymologyComponent |
ornis
ⓘ
oura ⓘ |
| etymologyLanguage | Greek ⓘ |
| etymologyMeaning | bird tail ⓘ |
| geographicDistribution | global (for extant members) ⓘ |
| hasAnatomicalFeature | pygostyle ⓘ |
| hasCommonName | ornithurans ⓘ |
| hasDiagnosticFeature |
fan-shaped tail feather arrangement
ⓘ
reduced number of caudal vertebrae ⓘ |
| hasFossilRecord | yes ⓘ |
| hasMember |
Galloanserae
ⓘ
Hesperornis ⓘ Ichthyornis ⓘ Neoaves ⓘ Palaeognathae ⓘ |
| higherClassification |
Ornithurae
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Avialae
|
| includes |
Neornithes
ⓘ
crown-group birds ⓘ modern birds ⓘ |
| includesExtantTaxa | yes ⓘ |
| includesExtinctTaxa | yes ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| locomotion |
bipedal terrestrial locomotion
ⓘ
powered flight in many members ⓘ |
| namedBy | Ernst Haeckel ⓘ |
| partOf |
Ornithurae
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Avialae
|
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| reproductiveMode | oviparous ⓘ |
| skeletonType | bony skeleton ⓘ |
| studiedInField |
paleornithology
ⓘ
systematic biology ⓘ |
| subdivisionOf | Aves ⓘ |
| taxonRank | clade ⓘ |
| temporalRange | Late Jurassic to Recent ⓘ |
| yearNamed | 1866 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ornithurae Description of subject: Ornithurae is a clade of birds that includes all modern birds and their closest extinct relatives characterized by a shortened, fused tail (pygostyle).
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Avialae
this entity surface form:
Avialae
this entity surface form:
Avialae