John Marshall
E16606
John Marshall was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States, whose landmark opinions, especially in Marbury v. Madison, established the principle of judicial review and greatly strengthened the Supreme Court’s authority.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| John Marshall canonical | 70 |
| Chief Justice John Marshall | 7 |
| John Marshall, 4th Chief Justice of the United States | 1 |
| U.S. Chief Justice John Marshall | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T32926 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: John Marshall Context triple: [Marbury v. Madison, chiefJustice, John Marshall]
-
A.
Paul G. Kirk
Paul G. Kirk is an American lawyer and Democratic politician who served as interim U.S. Senator from Massachusetts following the death of Edward M. Kennedy.
-
B.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. was a 19th-century American physician, poet, and essayist known for his wit, literary works, and contributions to medical reform.
-
C.
Archibald Cox
Archibald Cox was an American lawyer and Harvard Law professor who served as the Watergate special prosecutor and became nationally prominent after being fired in the “Saturday Night Massacre” during the Nixon administration.
-
D.
William Marbury
William Marbury was an American Federalist whose denied judicial commission led him to sue Secretary of State James Madison, resulting in the landmark Supreme Court case that established judicial review in the United States.
-
E.
Blackmun
Blackmun refers to the nominative reports of U.S. Supreme Court decisions compiled by Justice Harry A. Blackmun, whose name is used as a citation reference in the United States Reports.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: John Marshall Target entity description: John Marshall was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States, whose landmark opinions, especially in Marbury v. Madison, established the principle of judicial review and greatly strengthened the Supreme Court’s authority.
-
A.
Paul G. Kirk
Paul G. Kirk is an American lawyer and Democratic politician who served as interim U.S. Senator from Massachusetts following the death of Edward M. Kennedy.
-
B.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. was a 19th-century American physician, poet, and essayist known for his wit, literary works, and contributions to medical reform.
-
C.
Archibald Cox
Archibald Cox was an American lawyer and Harvard Law professor who served as the Watergate special prosecutor and became nationally prominent after being fired in the “Saturday Night Massacre” during the Nixon administration.
-
D.
William Marbury
William Marbury was an American Federalist whose denied judicial commission led him to sue Secretary of State James Madison, resulting in the landmark Supreme Court case that established judicial review in the United States.
-
E.
Blackmun
Blackmun refers to the nominative reports of U.S. Supreme Court decisions compiled by Justice Harry A. Blackmun, whose name is used as a citation reference in the United States Reports.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Chief Justice of the United States
ⓘ
human ⓘ |
| appointedBy | John Adams ⓘ |
| authorOf |
The Life of George Washington
ⓘ
surface form:
Life of George Washington
|
| burialPlace | Shockoe Hill Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia, United States ⓘ |
| conflict | American Revolutionary War ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | United States of America ⓘ |
| dateOfBirth | 1755-09-24 ⓘ |
| dateOfDeath | 1835-07-06 ⓘ |
| educatedAt |
Campbell Academy
ⓘ
College of William & Mary ⓘ |
| endTime | 1835-07-06 ⓘ |
| familyName | Marshall ⓘ |
| givenName | John ⓘ |
| hasPart | Marshall Court jurisprudence ⓘ |
| heritage | English-American ⓘ |
| honorificPrefix | The Honorable ⓘ |
| influenced | development of American constitutional law ⓘ |
| influencedBy | Federalist constitutional theory ⓘ |
| knownFor |
establishing the principle of judicial review in U.S. constitutional law
ⓘ
expansive interpretation of the Necessary and Proper Clause ⓘ strengthening the authority of the Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ support for federal supremacy over the states ⓘ |
| memberOfPoliticalParty |
Federalists
ⓘ
surface form:
Federalist Party
|
| militaryBranch | Continental Army ⓘ |
| notableWork |
Cohens v. Virginia
ⓘ
Dartmouth College v. Woodward ⓘ Gibbons v. Ogden ⓘ Marbury v. Madison ⓘ McCulloch v. Maryland ⓘ |
| occupation |
diplomat
ⓘ
judge ⓘ lawyer ⓘ politician ⓘ |
| parent |
Mary Randolph Keith
ⓘ
Thomas Marshall ⓘ |
| participantIn | XYZ Affair diplomatic mission ⓘ |
| placeOfBirth | Germantown, Colony of Virginia, British America ⓘ |
| placeOfDeath |
Philadelphia
ⓘ
surface form:
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
|
| positionHeld |
Chief Justice of the United States
ⓘ
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives ⓘ United States Secretary of State ⓘ |
| religion |
Anglican Communion
ⓘ
surface form:
Anglicanism
|
| residence |
Richmond, Virginia
ⓘ
surface form:
Richmond, Virginia, United States
|
| sexOrGender | male ⓘ |
| signature | Signature of John Marshall.svg ⓘ |
| spouse | Mary Willis Ambler ⓘ |
| startTime | 1801-02-04 ⓘ |
| workLocation |
Washington, D.C.
ⓘ
surface form:
Washington, D.C., United States
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: John Marshall Description of subject: John Marshall was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States, whose landmark opinions, especially in Marbury v. Madison, established the principle of judicial review and greatly strengthened the Supreme Court’s authority.
Referenced by (79)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Marshall County, Alabama
this entity surface form:
Chief Justice John Marshall
this entity surface form:
Chief Justice John Marshall
this entity surface form:
John Marshall, 4th Chief Justice of the United States
this entity surface form:
Chief Justice John Marshall
this entity surface form:
Chief Justice John Marshall