Proto-Italic
E15569
Proto-Italic is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family, from which languages like Latin and its descendants evolved.
Aliases (3)
Statements (58)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Italic language
→
proto-language → reconstructed language → |
| ancestorOf |
Faliscan
→
Latin → Oscan → Romance languages → Sabellian languages → South Picene → Umbrian → |
| attestedIn |
no direct inscriptions
→
|
| developedFrom |
Proto-Indo-European
→
|
| hasCase |
ablative (in later stages or precursors)
→
accusative → dative → genitive → nominative → |
| hasFeature |
ablaut system inherited from Proto-Indo-European
→
case system → distinction of thematic and athematic verbs → grammatical gender → three-way number distinction (singular, dual, plural) in earlier stages → verb conjugation with person and number → |
| hasGender |
feminine
→
masculine → neuter → |
| hasMood |
imperative
→
indicative → subjunctive → |
| hasNumber |
plural
→
singular → |
| hasTenseAspect |
future (innovated relative to PIE categories)
→
perfect → present → |
| influencedBy |
Proto-Indo-European morphology
→
|
| lexicalSimilarityWith |
Proto-Celtic
→
|
| partOf |
Indo-European language family
→
|
| phonologicalChangeFromProto-Indo-European |
development of PIE *o to Proto-Italic *o
→
development of PIE *ē to Proto-Italic *ī in many environments → loss of laryngeals in most positions → merger of aspirated and plain voiced stops → vocalization of syllabic resonants → |
| reconstructedBy |
comparative method
→
|
| reconstructedFrom |
Faliscan data
→
Latin data → Oscan data → Umbrian data → other ancient Italic inscriptions → |
| region |
Central Europe (hypothetical homeland)
→
Italian Peninsula (pre-Roman) → |
| sharesIsoglossWith |
Italo-Celtic group
→
|
| status |
unattested and reconstructed only
→
|
| studiedInDiscipline |
Indo-European studies
→
historical linguistics → |
| subfamilyOf |
Italic branch
→
|
| timeDepth |
early 1st millennium BCE
→
late 2nd millennium BCE → |
| writingSystem |
none
→
|
Referenced by (9)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Italic languages
("Proto-Indo-European language")
→
Latin → |
developedFrom |
|
South Picene
→
|
hasAncestor |
|
Proto-Indo-European
→
|
hasDescendant |
|
Italic languages
→
|
hasProtoLanguage |
|
Sabellian
→
|
linguisticBranchOf |
|
Latino-Faliscan languages
("Proto-Italic language")
→
|
originatesFrom |
|
Old Latin
→
|
precededBy |
|
Latins
("Proto-Italic peoples")
→
|
predecessor |