Battle of Nicopolis

E109227

battle crusade battle

The Battle of Nicopolis was a major 1396 clash in which a crusader army led by European powers was decisively defeated by the Ottoman Empire, marking a turning point in Ottoman expansion into southeastern Europe.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Battle of Nicopolis canonical	10
Crusade of Nicopolis	3
Battle of Nicopolis (1396)	2

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	battle ⓘ crusade battle ⓘ
aftermath	capture and execution of many crusader prisoners ⓘ consolidation of Ottoman control in the Balkans ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ surface form: Crusade of Nicopolis
belligerent	Holy Roman Empire ⓘ Kingdom of England ⓘ Kingdom of France ⓘ Kingdom of Hungary ⓘ Kingdom of Scotland ⓘ Knights Hospitaller ⓘ Ottoman Empire ⓘ Republic of Genoa ⓘ Republic of Venice ⓘ Wallachia ⓘ
campaignObjective	to relieve the Ottoman siege of Vidin and threaten Ottoman territories along the Danube ⓘ
casualties	heavy crusader casualties ⓘ
commander	Bayezid I ⓘ Jean de Vienne ⓘ John the Fearless ⓘ Mircea I of Wallachia ⓘ Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor ⓘ surface form: Sigismund of Luxembourg
conflictWith	Battle of Nicopolis self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Crusade of Nicopolis
continent	Europe ⓘ
date	25 September 1396 ⓘ
describedAs	last large-scale crusade of the Middle Ages ⓘ
followedBy	Ottoman incursions ⓘ surface form: Ottoman campaigns in the Balkans
historicalPeriod	Late Middle Ages ⓘ
involvedUnitType	Janissaries ⓘ archers ⓘ heavy cavalry ⓘ infantry ⓘ
locatedInPresentDay	Nikopol ⓘ surface form: Nikopol, Bulgaria
notableEvent	mass execution of Christian prisoners ordered by Bayezid I ⓘ
partOf	Ottoman territorial expansion ⓘ surface form: Ottoman expansion into Europe Ottoman–Habsburg wars ⓘ surface form: Ottoman–Hungarian wars
place	near Nicopolis ⓘ
precededBy	Battle of Kosovo 1389 ⓘ surface form: Battle of Kosovo (1389)
primaryOpponents	Ottoman Empire vs. European crusader coalition ⓘ
relatedTo	Fall of Constantinople 1453 AD ⓘ surface form: Fall of Constantinople Hundred Years' War ⓘ
result	Ottoman victory ⓘ
significance	major defeat for Western European chivalry ⓘ turning point in Ottoman expansion into southeastern Europe ⓘ
tacticalFeature	Ottoman use of prepared defensive positions ⓘ frontal cavalry charge by crusaders ⓘ
treatyContext	struggle for control of the Lower Danube region ⓘ
typeOfWarfare	medieval pitched battle ⓘ
year	1396 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.

Instruction

You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10.

# Requirements
- If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list.
- If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list.
- Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf".
- Do not get too wordy.
- Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.

Input

Subject: Battle of Nicopolis
Description of subject: The Battle of Nicopolis was a major 1396 clash in which a crusader army led by European powers was decisively defeated by the Ottoman Empire, marking a turning point in Ottoman expansion into southeastern Europe.

Referenced by (15)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Late Middle Ages → hasMajorEvent → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

Bayezid I → conflict → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor → battle → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

Second Bulgarian Empire → importantBattle → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

early Ottoman period → hasKeyEvent → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

this entity surface form: Battle of Nicopolis (1396)

Battle of Nicopolis → conflictWith → Battle of Nicopolis self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: Crusade of Nicopolis

Battle of Nicopolis → alsoKnownAs → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

this entity surface form: Crusade of Nicopolis

Siege of Constantinople (1394–1402) → relatedTo → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

this entity surface form: Crusade of Nicopolis

Ottoman territorial expansion → hasKeyEvent → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

this entity surface form: Battle of Nicopolis (1396)

Ottoman sipahi cavalry → usedInConflict → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

Nikopol → historicalEvent → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

Nikopol → nearbyHistoricalBattle → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

Ivan Sratsimir → wasCapturedAfter → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

Enguerrand VII, Lord of Coucy → participatedIn → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ

Battle of Rovine → relatedEvent → Battle of Nicopolis ⓘ