Treaty of Amsterdam

E100267

European Union treaty international agreement

The Treaty of Amsterdam is a 1997 agreement that amended the founding treaties of the European Union, enhancing the powers of EU institutions, expanding cooperation in justice and home affairs, and preparing the Union for future enlargement.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Treaty of Amsterdam canonical	21
Amsterdam Treaty 1997	2
Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T847426 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Amsterdam
Context triple: [European Parliament (Strasbourg seat), recognizedBy, Treaty of Amsterdam]

A. Treaty of Rome
The Treaty of Rome is a 1957 international agreement that established the European Economic Community, laying a foundational step toward today’s European Union and its single market.
B. Treaty of Lisbon
The Treaty of Lisbon is a 2007 agreement that reformed the European Union’s institutional structure and decision-making processes, enhancing its efficiency, democratic legitimacy, and coherence in external action.
C. Treaty on European Union
The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundational agreement that created the modern European Union and introduced the framework for a single currency, common foreign and security policy, and closer political integration among its member states.
D. Élysée Treaty
The Élysée Treaty is a landmark 1963 agreement that cemented postwar reconciliation and close political cooperation between France and West Germany.
E. Treaty of Nijmegen
The Treaty of Nijmegen was a series of peace agreements signed in 1678–1679 that ended various interconnected European conflicts of the 1670s, notably reshaping territorial boundaries in favor of France and altering the balance of power on the continent.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Amsterdam
Target entity description: The Treaty of Amsterdam is a 1997 agreement that amended the founding treaties of the European Union, enhancing the powers of EU institutions, expanding cooperation in justice and home affairs, and preparing the Union for future enlargement.

A. Treaty of Rome
The Treaty of Rome is a 1957 international agreement that established the European Economic Community, laying a foundational step toward today’s European Union and its single market.
B. Treaty of Lisbon
The Treaty of Lisbon is a 2007 agreement that reformed the European Union’s institutional structure and decision-making processes, enhancing its efficiency, democratic legitimacy, and coherence in external action.
C. Treaty on European Union
The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundational agreement that created the modern European Union and introduced the framework for a single currency, common foreign and security policy, and closer political integration among its member states.
D. Élysée Treaty
The Élysée Treaty is a landmark 1963 agreement that cemented postwar reconciliation and close political cooperation between France and West Germany.
E. Treaty of Nijmegen
The Treaty of Nijmegen was a series of peace agreements signed in 1678–1679 that ended various interconnected European conflicts of the 1670s, notably reshaping territorial boundaries in favor of France and altering the balance of power on the continent.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	European Union treaty ⓘ international agreement ⓘ
aimedTo	enhance the efficiency of EU decision-making ⓘ increase the democratic legitimacy of the European Union ⓘ prepare the European Union for enlargement to Central and Eastern Europe ⓘ reform the institutional structure of the European Union ⓘ
amends	Euratom Treaty ⓘ surface form: Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community Treaty of Paris (1951) ⓘ surface form: Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community Treaty of Rome ⓘ surface form: Treaty establishing the European Community Treaty on European Union ⓘ
cameIntoForceOn	1999-05-01 ⓘ
category	1997 in the European Union ⓘ 1997 treaties ⓘ Treaties of the European Union ⓘ
citySignedIn	Amsterdam ⓘ
communitarisedPolicy	visas, asylum and immigration ⓘ
containsProtocol	Protocol on asylum for nationals of Member States of the European Union ⓘ Protocol on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality ⓘ
countrySignedIn	Netherlands ⓘ
createdArea	area of freedom, security and justice ⓘ
createdOffice	High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy ⓘ surface form: High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy
dateSigned	1997-10-02 ⓘ
expandedPolicyArea	common foreign and security policy ⓘ justice and home affairs ⓘ
extendedPower	legislative powers of the European Parliament ⓘ
followedBy	Treaty of Nice ⓘ
follows	Treaty on European Union ⓘ surface form: Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty)
introducedConcept	enhanced cooperation between member states ⓘ
introducedLegalBasisFor	combating discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation ⓘ
introducedProcedure	co-decision procedure (extended) ⓘ
introducedProvision	integration of the Schengen acquis into the European Union framework ⓘ possibility of closer cooperation among a group of member states ⓘ
language	all official languages of the European Union at the time ⓘ
legalStatus	binding on all EU member states that ratified it ⓘ
modified	common foreign and security policy (CFSP) framework ⓘ
officialName	Treaty of Amsterdam self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts
partOf	primary law of the European Union ⓘ
precededBy	Single European Act ⓘ
protocolAttached	Protocol on the integration of the Schengen acquis into the framework of the European Union ⓘ
requires	ratification by all EU member states ⓘ
shortName	Treaty of Amsterdam self-link ⓘ
signedBy	Member States of the European Union ⓘ
strengthenedInstitution	Council of the European Union ⓘ European Commission ⓘ European Parliament ⓘ
strengthenedRoleOf	European Parliament in appointment of the Commission President ⓘ
transferredPolicyToFirstPillar	asylum policy ⓘ border controls ⓘ immigration policy ⓘ
yearSigned	1997 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (24)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

European Parliament (Strasbourg seat) → recognizedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Treaty on European Union → amendedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

European integration → hasKeyEvent → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

this entity surface form: Amsterdam Treaty 1997

Treaty of Rome → amendedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

EU Treaties → amendedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Petersberg Tasks → laterIntegratedInto → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Petersberg Declaration → codifiedIn → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Treaties of the United Kingdom → hasPart → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

this entity surface form: Amsterdam Treaty 1997

High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy → createdBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Treaty of Amsterdam → officialName → Treaty of Amsterdam self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts

Treaty of Amsterdam → shortName → Treaty of Amsterdam self-link ⓘ

Treaties of France → hasPart → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Common Foreign and Security Policy → reformedByTreaty → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Treaty of Nice → follows → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Article 1 TEU → wasAmendedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Schengen Agreement 1985 → integratedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

subject surface form: Schengen Agreement (1985)

Schengen acquis → wasIncorporatedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Amsterdam Treaty → officialName → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Employment Committee of the European Union → establishedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Amsterdam Treaty employment chapter → partOf → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Amsterdam Treaty employment chapter → enteredIntoForceWith → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Maastricht Treaty 1992 → laterAmendedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

subject surface form: Maastricht Treaty

Treaties of Belgium → hasPart → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

Statute of the European Investment Bank → amendedBy → Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ

All labels observed (3)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (50)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (24)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited