McGhee v. Sipes
E99505
McGhee v. Sipes is a landmark 1948 U.S. Supreme Court case that, alongside Shelley v. Kraemer, held that courts could not enforce racially restrictive covenants in property deeds without violating the Equal Protection Clause.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| McGhee v. Sipes canonical | 1 |
| Vincent L. McGhee et al. v. Sipes et al. panel of the U.S. Supreme Court | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T843415 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: McGhee v. Sipes Context triple: [Shelley v. Kraemer, decidedWith, McGhee v. Sipes]
-
A.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
B.
Gebhart v. Belton
Gebhart v. Belton was a landmark Delaware school segregation case whose rulings in favor of Black students became one of the four consolidated cases decided in Brown v. Board of Education, contributing to the Supreme Court’s rejection of “separate but equal” in public education.
-
C.
Argersinger v. Hamlin
Argersinger v. Hamlin is a 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that extended the right to counsel to defendants in misdemeanor cases that may result in imprisonment.
-
D.
Hines v. Davidowitz
Hines v. Davidowitz is a 1941 U.S. Supreme Court case that held federal law preempts conflicting state alien-registration laws under the Supremacy Clause.
-
E.
Ware v. Hylton
Ware v. Hylton was a 1796 U.S. Supreme Court case that held federal treaties override conflicting state laws, helping to establish the authority of the national government under the Constitution.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: McGhee v. Sipes Target entity description: McGhee v. Sipes is a landmark 1948 U.S. Supreme Court case that, alongside Shelley v. Kraemer, held that courts could not enforce racially restrictive covenants in property deeds without violating the Equal Protection Clause.
-
A.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
B.
Gebhart v. Belton
Gebhart v. Belton was a landmark Delaware school segregation case whose rulings in favor of Black students became one of the four consolidated cases decided in Brown v. Board of Education, contributing to the Supreme Court’s rejection of “separate but equal” in public education.
-
C.
Argersinger v. Hamlin
Argersinger v. Hamlin is a 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that extended the right to counsel to defendants in misdemeanor cases that may result in imprisonment.
-
D.
Hines v. Davidowitz
Hines v. Davidowitz is a 1941 U.S. Supreme Court case that held federal law preempts conflicting state alien-registration laws under the Supremacy Clause.
-
E.
Ware v. Hylton
Ware v. Hylton was a 1796 U.S. Supreme Court case that held federal treaties override conflicting state laws, helping to establish the authority of the national government under the Constitution.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (31)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
housing discrimination case ⓘ landmark civil rights case ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
civil rights law
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ property law ⓘ |
| citationStatus | good law ⓘ |
| classification |
Fourteenth Amendment Supreme Court decision
ⓘ
civil rights Supreme Court decision ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInvolved |
Equal Protection Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
|
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| decidedBy |
McGhee v. Sipes
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Vincent L. McGhee et al. v. Sipes et al. panel of the U.S. Supreme Court
|
| decisionDate | 1948 ⓘ |
| effect |
advanced desegregation in housing markets
ⓘ
expanded the concept of state action to include judicial enforcement of private agreements ⓘ limited the practical enforceability of racially restrictive covenants in the United States ⓘ |
| era | civil rights era precursor ⓘ |
| holding |
judicial enforcement of private racially restrictive covenants constitutes state action
ⓘ
state courts may not enforce racially restrictive covenants without violating the Equal Protection Clause ⓘ |
| impactOnDoctrine | clarified that private agreements become subject to the Fourteenth Amendment when enforced by courts ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| languageOfWork | English ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
enforceability of racially restrictive covenants
ⓘ
state action under the Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ |
| legalPrinciple | courts may not give effect to private agreements that result in unconstitutional discrimination ⓘ |
| partOf | line of cases restricting racially discriminatory practices in housing ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Hurd v. Hodge
ⓘ
Shelley v. Kraemer ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
racial discrimination in housing
ⓘ
racially restrictive covenants in real property deeds ⓘ |
| timePeriod | post–World War II era ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: McGhee v. Sipes Description of subject: McGhee v. Sipes is a landmark 1948 U.S. Supreme Court case that, alongside Shelley v. Kraemer, held that courts could not enforce racially restrictive covenants in property deeds without violating the Equal Protection Clause.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Vincent L. McGhee et al. v. Sipes et al. panel of the U.S. Supreme Court