Szilard–Chalmers effect
E94910
The Szilard–Chalmers effect is a nuclear chemistry phenomenon in which atoms that undergo neutron capture and become radioactive are chemically separated from their original, non-activated atoms due to recoil-induced disruption of their chemical bonds.
Statements (39)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
nuclear chemistry phenomenon
→
radiochemical effect → |
| appliesTo |
gamma-activated atoms
→
neutron-activated atoms → |
| cause |
recoil of nucleus after neutron capture
→
|
| characteristic |
chemical behavior of activated atoms differs from bulk target
→
depends on recoil energy of product nucleus → depends on strength of chemical bonds in target compound → |
| describes |
separation of activated atoms from non-activated atoms
→
|
| discoveredBy |
Leó Szilárd
NERFINISHED
→
Thomas A. Chalmers NERFINISHED → |
| discoveryYear |
1934
→
|
| effect |
activated atoms leave original chemical compound
→
enrichment of radioactive isotopes in a different chemical fraction → |
| field |
nuclear chemistry
→
radiochemistry → |
| hasConsequence |
change in chemical form of product nuclide
→
spatial redistribution of radioactive atoms in a sample → |
| involvesProcess |
chemical bond disruption
→
chemical separation → neutron capture → nuclear recoil → radioactivation → |
| namedAfter |
Leó Szilárd
NERFINISHED
→
Thomas A. Chalmers → |
| occursIn |
liquid targets
→
solid targets → |
| relatedTo |
hot atom chemistry
→
neutron activation analysis → recoil chemistry → |
| requires |
irradiation with neutrons or other particles
→
|
| theoreticalBasis |
conservation of momentum in nuclear reactions
→
interaction between nuclear processes and chemical bonds → |
| usedFor |
isotope separation
→
production of carrier-free radioisotopes → radiotracer preparation → |
| usedIn |
fundamental studies of chemical bonding under irradiation
→
radioisotope production for medicine → radioisotope production for research → |
Referenced by (1)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Leo Szilard
→
|
knownFor |