Battle of Monocacy
E91875
The Battle of Monocacy was an 1864 American Civil War engagement in Maryland in which Union forces delayed a Confederate advance toward Washington, D.C., earning it the nickname "The Battle That Saved Washington."
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Monocacy canonical | 17 |
| Battle of Monocacy (1864) | 1 |
| Confederate Army operations at Monocacy | 1 |
| Union Army operations at Monocacy | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T555447 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Monocacy Context triple: [Frederick, nearbyCivilWarBattle, Battle of Monocacy]
-
A.
Battle of Antietam
The Battle of Antietam was a pivotal 1862 clash in the American Civil War, known as the bloodiest single day in U.S. military history and a turning point that enabled Abraham Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
-
B.
Seven Days Battles
The Seven Days Battles were a series of American Civil War engagements in 1862 near Richmond, Virginia, in which Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee halted the Union Army’s Peninsula Campaign.
-
C.
Battle of Baltimore
The Battle of Baltimore was a key War of 1812 engagement in which American forces successfully defended the city and Fort McHenry from British attack, inspiring the lyrics of the United States national anthem.
-
D.
Battle of Stillman’s Run
The Battle of Stillman’s Run was an 1832 skirmish in Illinois during the Black Hawk War, notable for a panicked retreat by Illinois militia forces after a clash with Sauk leader Black Hawk’s warriors.
-
E.
Battle of Moore’s Creek Bridge
The Battle of Moore’s Creek Bridge was a pivotal 1776 Revolutionary War engagement in North Carolina in which Patriot forces decisively defeated Loyalist troops, helping to end British authority in the colony.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Monocacy Target entity description: The Battle of Monocacy was an 1864 American Civil War engagement in Maryland in which Union forces delayed a Confederate advance toward Washington, D.C., earning it the nickname "The Battle That Saved Washington."
-
A.
Battle of Antietam
The Battle of Antietam was a pivotal 1862 clash in the American Civil War, known as the bloodiest single day in U.S. military history and a turning point that enabled Abraham Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
-
B.
Seven Days Battles
The Seven Days Battles were a series of American Civil War engagements in 1862 near Richmond, Virginia, in which Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee halted the Union Army’s Peninsula Campaign.
-
C.
Battle of Baltimore
The Battle of Baltimore was a key War of 1812 engagement in which American forces successfully defended the city and Fort McHenry from British attack, inspiring the lyrics of the United States national anthem.
-
D.
Battle of Stillman’s Run
The Battle of Stillman’s Run was an 1832 skirmish in Illinois during the Black Hawk War, notable for a panicked retreat by Illinois militia forces after a clash with Sauk leader Black Hawk’s warriors.
-
E.
Battle of Moore’s Creek Bridge
The Battle of Moore’s Creek Bridge was a pivotal 1776 Revolutionary War engagement in North Carolina in which Patriot forces decisively defeated Loyalist troops, helping to end British authority in the colony.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
American Civil War battle
ⓘ
battle ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Monocacy River
ⓘ
surface form:
Monocacy
|
| belligerentForces |
Army of the Shenandoah (Confederate)
ⓘ
surface form:
Army of the Valley
Union VI Corps detachment ⓘ Union VIII Corps ⓘ |
| combatant |
Confederate States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
Confederacy
Union ⓘ |
| commander |
James B. Ricketts
ⓘ
John B. Gordon ⓘ Major General Jubal A. Early ⓘ
surface form:
Jubal A. Early
Lew Wallace ⓘ |
| ConfederateStrength | approximately 10,000–15,000 troops ⓘ |
| conflict | American Civil War ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| endDate | 1864-07-09 ⓘ |
| engagementType | field battle ⓘ |
| estimatedCasualties | over 2,000 total casualties ⓘ |
| followedBy | Battle of Fort Stevens ⓘ |
| front | Washington, D.C. defense ⓘ |
| hasCause | Confederate advance toward Washington, D.C. ⓘ |
| hasHistoricalSignificance | Protected U.S. capital from potential capture ⓘ |
| hasSite |
Monocacy National Battlefield area
ⓘ
surface form:
Monocacy National Battlefield
|
| location |
Frederick County, Maryland
ⓘ
near Monocacy River ⓘ |
| memorializedBy |
Monocacy National Battlefield area
ⓘ
surface form:
Monocacy National Battlefield
|
| nearCity | Frederick, Maryland ⓘ |
| nicknamed | The Battle That Saved Washington ⓘ |
| notableFor |
High casualties relative to numbers engaged
ⓘ
Union delaying action ⓘ |
| objective | Delay Confederate advance on Washington, D.C. ⓘ |
| outcome | Confederate advance delayed ⓘ |
| partOf | Valley Campaigns of 1864 ⓘ |
| pointInTime | July 9, 1864 ⓘ |
| precededBy | Confederate advance down the Shenandoah Valley ⓘ |
| primaryOpposingCommanders |
Lew Wallace
ⓘ
surface form:
Lew Wallace and Jubal A. Early
|
| result |
Confederate tactical victory
ⓘ
Union strategic success ⓘ |
| riverCrossing | Monocacy River ⓘ |
| startDate | 1864-07-09 ⓘ |
| state | Maryland ⓘ |
| strategicEffect |
Allowed reinforcement of Washington, D.C. defenses
ⓘ
Contributed to defense of Washington, D.C. ⓘ |
| theatre | Eastern Theater of the American Civil War ⓘ |
| UnionStrength | approximately 5,000–6,000 troops ⓘ |
| year | 1864 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Monocacy Description of subject: The Battle of Monocacy was an 1864 American Civil War engagement in Maryland in which Union forces delayed a Confederate advance toward Washington, D.C., earning it the nickname "The Battle That Saved Washington."
Referenced by (20)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Monocacy National Battlefield
subject surface form:
Jubal A. Early
this entity surface form:
Battle of Monocacy (1864)
this entity surface form:
Union Army operations at Monocacy
this entity surface form:
Confederate Army operations at Monocacy