Montgomery v. Louisiana
E914622
Eighth Amendment case
United States Supreme Court case
criminal procedure case
juvenile justice case
Montgomery v. Louisiana is a landmark 2016 U.S. Supreme Court decision that made the ban on mandatory life without parole sentences for juveniles retroactive, requiring states to apply that constitutional rule to past cases.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Montgomery v. Louisiana canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11257212 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Montgomery v. Louisiana Context triple: [Graham v. Florida, relatedCase, Montgomery v. Louisiana]
-
A.
Duncan v. Louisiana
Duncan v. Louisiana is a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial in criminal cases applies to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
B.
Roberts v. Louisiana
Roberts v. Louisiana is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court decision that, alongside Gregg v. Georgia, helped define the constitutional limits on capital punishment under the Eighth Amendment.
-
C.
Cox v. Louisiana
Cox v. Louisiana is a landmark 1965 U.S. Supreme Court case that clarified the limits of state power to restrict public demonstrations and protected civil rights protest activities under the First Amendment.
-
D.
Stone v. Mississippi
Stone v. Mississippi is an 1880 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a state cannot irrevocably surrender its police power, allowing Mississippi to prohibit a previously chartered lottery despite contractual claims.
-
E.
Hamilton v. Alabama
Hamilton v. Alabama is a 1961 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held an indigent defendant in a capital case has a constitutional right to counsel at arraignment, treating that stage as a critical point in the criminal process.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Montgomery v. Louisiana Target entity description: Montgomery v. Louisiana is a landmark 2016 U.S. Supreme Court decision that made the ban on mandatory life without parole sentences for juveniles retroactive, requiring states to apply that constitutional rule to past cases.
-
A.
Duncan v. Louisiana
Duncan v. Louisiana is a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial in criminal cases applies to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
B.
Roberts v. Louisiana
Roberts v. Louisiana is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court decision that, alongside Gregg v. Georgia, helped define the constitutional limits on capital punishment under the Eighth Amendment.
-
C.
Cox v. Louisiana
Cox v. Louisiana is a landmark 1965 U.S. Supreme Court case that clarified the limits of state power to restrict public demonstrations and protected civil rights protest activities under the First Amendment.
-
D.
Stone v. Mississippi
Stone v. Mississippi is an 1880 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a state cannot irrevocably surrender its police power, allowing Mississippi to prohibit a previously chartered lottery despite contractual claims.
-
E.
Hamilton v. Alabama
Hamilton v. Alabama is a 1961 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held an indigent defendant in a capital case has a constitutional right to counsel at arraignment, treating that stage as a critical point in the criminal process.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Eighth Amendment case
ⓘ
United States Supreme Court case ⓘ criminal procedure case ⓘ juvenile justice case ⓘ |
| appliesTo | juvenile offenders sentenced to mandatory life without parole ⓘ |
| citation |
136 S. Ct. 718
ⓘ
193 L. Ed. 2d 599 ⓘ 577 U.S. 190 ⓘ |
| clarifies | that substantive constitutional rules apply retroactively in state collateral review proceedings ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvision |
Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 2016-01-25 ⓘ |
| dissentingOpinionBy |
Antonin Scalia
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Clarence Thomas NERFINISHED ⓘ Samuel A. Alito Jr. NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| docketNumber | 14-280 ⓘ |
| effectOnMiller | made the rule of Miller v. Alabama retroactive to cases on state collateral review ⓘ |
| holding |
Miller v. Alabama announced a substantive rule of constitutional law that is retroactive on state collateral review.
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Prisoners whose sentences violate Miller v. Alabama must be given a meaningful opportunity for release or a new sentence that complies with Miller. ⓘ States must give effect to the substantive rule that mandatory life without parole for juvenile offenders violates the Eighth Amendment. ⓘ |
| impact | expanded resentencing and parole eligibility for individuals sentenced as juveniles to mandatory life without parole ⓘ |
| joinedByInMajority |
Elena Kagan
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
John G. Roberts Jr. NERFINISHED ⓘ Ruth Bader Ginsburg NERFINISHED ⓘ Sonia Sotomayor NERFINISHED ⓘ Stephen G. Breyer NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| jurisdictionalHolding | The Supreme Court has jurisdiction to review state collateral proceedings to ensure states give retroactive effect to substantive federal rules. NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
Eighth Amendment prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments
ⓘ
juvenile life without parole ⓘ retroactivity of new constitutional rules on state collateral review ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | Anthony M. Kennedy NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| originatingJurisdiction | State of Louisiana NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| petitioner | Henry Montgomery NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| precedentStatus | landmark decision ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Miller v. Alabama
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Penry v. Lynaugh NERFINISHED ⓘ Schriro v. Summerlin NERFINISHED ⓘ Teague v. Lane NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| requires | states to provide a meaningful opportunity for release to juvenile offenders whose mandatory life without parole sentences are unconstitutional under Miller ⓘ |
| respondent | Louisiana NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| ruleType | substantive rule of constitutional law ⓘ |
| stateParty | Louisiana NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
criminal sentencing
ⓘ
juvenile constitutional rights ⓘ postconviction review ⓘ |
| term | October Term 2015 ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 2016 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Montgomery v. Louisiana Description of subject: Montgomery v. Louisiana is a landmark 2016 U.S. Supreme Court decision that made the ban on mandatory life without parole sentences for juveniles retroactive, requiring states to apply that constitutional rule to past cases.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.