Josephson voltage standard

E629521

A Josephson voltage standard is a highly precise quantum-based device that uses the Josephson effect in superconducting junctions to generate and maintain an extremely accurate reference voltage for electrical metrology.

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Statements (46)

Predicate Object
instanceOf quantum electrical standard
voltage standard
accuracyLevel on the order of 10^-10 or better
advantage direct link between voltage and fundamental constants
excellent reproducibility between laboratories
basedOn Josephson effect NERFINISHED
dependsOn Planck constant NERFINISHED
elementary charge
developedFor quantum-based realization of electrical units
enables calibration of voltage references
high-precision digital multimeter calibration
traceable voltage calibration
field electrical metrology
quantum metrology
governedBy Josephson constant NERFINISHED
hasComponent Josephson junction array NERFINISHED
bias circuitry
cryostat
microwave source
hasPrinciple frequency-to-voltage conversion
quantized voltage steps
hasProperty extremely high accuracy
long-term stability
quantized voltage levels
hasType conventional Josephson voltage standard
programmable Josephson voltage standard NERFINISHED
measurementRange from microvolts to tens of volts using junction arrays
operatesAt microwave frequencies
programmableTypeEnables synthesized arbitrary voltage waveforms
programmableTypeUses pulse-driven Josephson junction arrays
purpose generation of highly accurate reference voltages
realization of the volt
relatedTo Josephson effect NERFINISHED
SI unit volt
relation V = (n·h·f)/(2e)
replaced Zener-diode-based voltage standards in high-accuracy applications
requires cryogenic temperatures
precise frequency control
superconducting state
standardizedBy International Bureau of Weights and Measures NERFINISHED
usedBy calibration laboratories
national metrology institutes
usedIn international voltage comparisons
maintenance of national voltage standards
uses microwave radiation
superconducting tunnel junctions

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Josephson constant usedIn Josephson voltage standard