Pertinax
E59835
Pertinax was a Roman military commander and short-reigning emperor in 193 AD, known for his role in frontier wars and his brief, reform-minded rule following the assassination of Commodus.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Pertinax canonical | 11 |
| Publius Helvius Pertinax | 1 |
| Publius Helvius Pertinax (emperor) | 1 |
| Roman emperor Pertinax | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T358590 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pertinax Context triple: [Marcomannic Wars, significantPerson, Pertinax]
-
A.
Commodus
Commodus was a Roman emperor (reigned 180–192 AD) known for his erratic rule, self-indulgence, and association with the decline of the Roman Empire.
-
B.
Septimius Severus
Septimius Severus was a Roman emperor (reigned 193–211 CE) and founder of the Severan dynasty, known for his military campaigns and strengthening of imperial authority.
-
C.
Sextus Julius Severus
Sextus Julius Severus was a prominent 2nd-century Roman general and governor, best known for his decisive role in suppressing the Bar Kokhba revolt in Judea.
-
D.
Domitian
Domitian was a Roman emperor of the Flavian dynasty who ruled from 81 to 96 AD and is known for his authoritarian reign, extensive building projects in Rome, and eventual assassination.
-
E.
Galerius
Galerius was a Roman emperor of the late 3rd and early 4th centuries CE, best known for his role in the Tetrarchy and for intensifying the persecution of Christians in the Eastern Roman Empire.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pertinax Target entity description: Pertinax was a Roman military commander and short-reigning emperor in 193 AD, known for his role in frontier wars and his brief, reform-minded rule following the assassination of Commodus.
-
A.
Commodus
Commodus was a Roman emperor (reigned 180–192 AD) known for his erratic rule, self-indulgence, and association with the decline of the Roman Empire.
-
B.
Septimius Severus
Septimius Severus was a Roman emperor (reigned 193–211 CE) and founder of the Severan dynasty, known for his military campaigns and strengthening of imperial authority.
-
C.
Sextus Julius Severus
Sextus Julius Severus was a prominent 2nd-century Roman general and governor, best known for his decisive role in suppressing the Bar Kokhba revolt in Judea.
-
D.
Domitian
Domitian was a Roman emperor of the Flavian dynasty who ruled from 81 to 96 AD and is known for his authoritarian reign, extensive building projects in Rome, and eventual assassination.
-
E.
Galerius
Galerius was a Roman emperor of the late 3rd and early 4th centuries CE, best known for his role in the Tetrarchy and for intensifying the persecution of Christians in the Eastern Roman Empire.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Roman emperor
ⓘ
Roman military commander ⓘ consul of the Roman Empire ⓘ |
| attemptedReform |
reduction of public expenditures
ⓘ
restoration of discipline in the army ⓘ sale of imperial properties to stabilize finances ⓘ |
| birthDate | 126 ⓘ |
| birthPlace |
Alba Pompeia
ⓘ
Italy ⓘ
surface form:
Italia
|
| cameToPowerAfter | assassination of Commodus ⓘ |
| causeOfDeath | assassination ⓘ |
| child | Helvius Pertinax the Younger ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | Roman Empire ⓘ |
| deathDate | 193-03-28 ⓘ |
| deathPlace |
Italy
ⓘ
Rome ⓘ |
| dynasty | Year of the Five Emperors ⓘ |
| era | Crisis of the Third Century precursor ⓘ |
| father | Helvius Successus ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | Year of the Five Emperors ⓘ |
| honorificTitle | Augustus ⓘ |
| knownFor |
attempted financial and military reforms
ⓘ
discipline of the Praetorian Guard ⓘ service in frontier wars ⓘ short reign as Roman emperor in 193 AD ⓘ |
| mannerOfDeath | killed by members of the Praetorian Guard ⓘ |
| militaryCommand | Roman legions on the frontiers ⓘ |
| notableCampaign |
Roman–Parthian War of 161–166
ⓘ
surface form:
Parthian War under Lucius Verus
frontier wars along the Danube ⓘ frontier wars in Britain ⓘ |
| occupation |
politician
ⓘ
soldier ⓘ teacher ⓘ |
| personalName |
Pertinax
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Publius Helvius Pertinax
|
| positionHeld |
Roman emperor
ⓘ
consul ⓘ governor of Britannia ⓘ governor of Dacia ⓘ governor of Moesia Inferior ⓘ governor of Syria ⓘ urban prefect of Rome ⓘ |
| predecessor | Commodus ⓘ |
| reignDuration | about 86 days ⓘ |
| reignEnd | 193-03-28 ⓘ |
| reignStart | 193-01-01 ⓘ |
| religion | Roman paganism ⓘ |
| socialBackground | equestrian family ⓘ |
| spouse | Flavia Titiana ⓘ |
| successor | Didius Julianus ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Pertinax Description of subject: Pertinax was a Roman military commander and short-reigning emperor in 193 AD, known for his role in frontier wars and his brief, reform-minded rule following the assassination of Commodus.
Referenced by (14)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Publius Helvius Pertinax
this entity surface form:
Roman emperor Pertinax
this entity surface form:
Publius Helvius Pertinax (emperor)