Fletcher–Munson equal-loudness contours

E529765
acoustics concept equal-loudness contour set psychoacoustic model

The Fletcher–Munson equal-loudness contours are a set of curves that describe how the human ear’s sensitivity to sound varies with frequency and sound pressure level, forming the basis for understanding perceived loudness in acoustics and audio engineering.

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Observed surface forms (1)

Surface form Occurrences
Fletcher–Munson curves 1

Statements (47)

Predicate Object
instanceOf acoustics concept ⓘ
equal-loudness contour set ⓘ
psychoacoustic model ⓘ
appliesTo normal-hearing human listeners ⓘ
assumes binaural listening ⓘ
free-field listening conditions ⓘ
basisFor A-weighting NERFINISHED ⓘ
B-weighting NERFINISHED ⓘ
C-weighting NERFINISHED ⓘ
loudness compensation in audio equipment ⓘ
loudness weighting curves ⓘ
perceived loudness calculations ⓘ
characterizes human ear sensitivity as a function of frequency ⓘ
describes frequency-dependent sensitivity of human hearing ⓘ
relationship between sound pressure level and perceived loudness ⓘ
developedAt Bell Telephone Laboratories NERFINISHED ⓘ
developedBy Harvey Fletcher NERFINISHED ⓘ
Wildon Munson NERFINISHED ⓘ
field acoustics ⓘ
audio engineering ⓘ
psychoacoustics ⓘ
graphAxis equal loudness level in phons ⓘ
frequency ⓘ
sound pressure level ⓘ
namedAfter Harvey Fletcher NERFINISHED ⓘ
Wildon Munson NERFINISHED ⓘ
publicationYear 1933 ⓘ
refinedBy Robinson–Dadson equal-loudness contours NERFINISHED ⓘ
relatedConcept critical band ⓘ
masking in hearing ⓘ
phon scale ⓘ
sone scale NERFINISHED ⓘ
represents curves of equal perceived loudness ⓘ
shows highest sensitivity around 2 kHz to 5 kHz ⓘ
reduced human sensitivity at very high frequencies ⓘ
reduced human sensitivity at very low frequencies ⓘ
standardizedAs precursor to ISO 226 ⓘ
supersededBy ISO 226 equal-loudness contours ⓘ
usedIn audio mastering ⓘ
audio system design ⓘ
hearing research ⓘ
loudness normalization algorithms ⓘ
noise assessment ⓘ
sound level meter weighting ⓘ
usesUnit decibel sound pressure level ⓘ
hertz ⓘ
phon ⓘ

Referenced by (2)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Harvey Fletcher → knownFor → Fletcher–Munson equal-loudness contours ⓘ
Harvey Fletcher → coDeveloperOf → Fletcher–Munson equal-loudness contours ⓘ
this entity surface form: Fletcher–Munson curves