Third Ecumenical Council
E50336
The Third Ecumenical Council, held at Ephesus in 431 AD, was a major early Christian council that condemned Nestorianism and affirmed the title of Mary as Theotokos (Mother of God).
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Third Ecumenical Council canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T398111 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Third Ecumenical Council Context triple: [Council of Ephesus, alsoKnownAs, Third Ecumenical Council]
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A.
Third Council of Constantinople
The Third Council of Constantinople was a 7th-century ecumenical council that condemned Monothelitism and affirmed that Christ possesses both a divine and a human will.
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B.
First Council of Constantinople
The First Council of Constantinople was the second ecumenical council of the Christian Church, held in 381, which expanded the Nicene Creed and clarified Trinitarian doctrine against Arian and other heresies.
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C.
Council of Chalcedon
The Council of Chalcedon was a pivotal 5th-century ecumenical council that defined orthodox Christology by affirming Christ as one person in two distinct natures, fully divine and fully human.
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D.
Second Council of Nicaea
The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council of the Christian Church, held in 787, best known for restoring the veneration of icons and condemning iconoclasm.
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E.
Second Council of Constantinople
The Second Council of Constantinople was a 6th-century ecumenical council of the Christian Church that addressed Christological controversies, particularly those surrounding the writings associated with the so-called "Three Chapters."
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Third Ecumenical Council Target entity description: The Third Ecumenical Council, held at Ephesus in 431 AD, was a major early Christian council that condemned Nestorianism and affirmed the title of Mary as Theotokos (Mother of God).
-
A.
Third Council of Constantinople
The Third Council of Constantinople was a 7th-century ecumenical council that condemned Monothelitism and affirmed that Christ possesses both a divine and a human will.
-
B.
First Council of Constantinople
The First Council of Constantinople was the second ecumenical council of the Christian Church, held in 381, which expanded the Nicene Creed and clarified Trinitarian doctrine against Arian and other heresies.
-
C.
Council of Chalcedon
The Council of Chalcedon was a pivotal 5th-century ecumenical council that defined orthodox Christology by affirming Christ as one person in two distinct natures, fully divine and fully human.
-
D.
Second Council of Nicaea
The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council of the Christian Church, held in 787, best known for restoring the veneration of icons and condemning iconoclasm.
-
E.
Second Council of Constantinople
The Second Council of Constantinople was a 6th-century ecumenical council of the Christian Church that addressed Christological controversies, particularly those surrounding the writings associated with the so-called "Three Chapters."
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Christian event
ⓘ
church council ⓘ ecumenical council ⓘ |
| affirmedDoctrine |
Virgin Mary
ⓘ
surface form:
Theotokos
|
| affirmedTitleOfMary |
Virgin Mary
ⓘ
surface form:
Mother of God
Virgin Mary ⓘ
surface form:
Theotokos
|
| alsoKnownAs |
Council of Ephesus
ⓘ
Council of Ephesus ⓘ
surface form:
First Council of Ephesus
|
| approvedBy | Pope Celestine I ⓘ |
| attendedBy |
Cyril of Alexandria
ⓘ
John of Antioch ⓘ Nestorius ⓘ
surface form:
Nestorius of Constantinople
representatives of Pope Celestine I ⓘ |
| authorityScope | universal church (as understood by participants) ⓘ |
| century | 5th century ⓘ |
| city | Ephesus ⓘ |
| condemned |
Nestorianism
ⓘ
Nestorius ⓘ
surface form:
Nestorius of Constantinople
|
| convokedBy | Theodosius II ⓘ |
| countryAtTheTime |
Byzantine Empire
ⓘ
surface form:
Eastern Roman Empire
|
| declared | Mary is truly Theotokos ⓘ |
| denomination |
Apostolic Age
ⓘ
surface form:
Early Church
|
| endDate | 431-07-31 ⓘ |
| followedBy | Council of Chalcedon ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
central in development of Marian doctrine
ⓘ
defined orthodox teaching against Nestorianism ⓘ |
| languageOfProceedings | Greek ⓘ |
| location | Ephesus ⓘ |
| mainIssue | Nestorianism ⓘ |
| ordinalNumber | 3 ⓘ |
| partOf | Seven Ecumenical Councils ⓘ |
| precededBy | First Council of Constantinople ⓘ |
| presentDayLocation | Turkey ⓘ |
| presidedOverBy | Cyril of Alexandria ⓘ |
| producedDocument |
Council of Ephesus canons
ⓘ
Formula of Union (later agreement) ⓘ |
| recognizedBy |
Assyrian Church of the East
ⓘ
surface form:
Assyrian Church of the East (partially, with reservations)
Eastern Orthodox Christianity ⓘ
surface form:
Eastern Orthodox Church
Oriental Orthodoxy ⓘ
surface form:
Oriental Orthodox Churches
Roman Catholicism ⓘ
surface form:
Roman Catholic Church
|
| religion | Christianity ⓘ |
| resultedIn | schism between Cyril’s and Nestorius’s supporters ⓘ |
| startDate | 431-06-22 ⓘ |
| theologicalFocus |
Christology
ⓘ
Mariology ⓘ |
| upheldChristology |
Christ is one person in two natures
ⓘ
unity of Christ’s person ⓘ |
| year | 431 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Third Ecumenical Council Description of subject: The Third Ecumenical Council, held at Ephesus in 431 AD, was a major early Christian council that condemned Nestorianism and affirmed the title of Mary as Theotokos (Mother of God).
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.