Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986

E50000

The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 is a landmark U.S. law that combined employer sanctions for hiring unauthorized immigrants with a large-scale legalization program for certain undocumented residents.


Statements (49)

Predicate Object
instanceOf United States federal statute
immigration law
affectedPopulationEstimate approximately 2.7 million people legalized
alsoKnownAs Simpson–Mazzoli Act
amends Immigration and Nationality Act
chamberOfOrigin United States Senate
codifiedIn 8 U.S. Code
country United States of America
surface form: United States
createdAgencyResponsibility Immigration and Naturalization Service
createdVerificationRequirement yes
eligibilityCriterion admissibility under existing immigration law
application within specified legalization filing periods
continuous unlawful residence in the United States since before January 1, 1982
employerSanctionsDescription imposed penalties on employers who knowingly hire or continue to employ unauthorized workers
prohibited employers from knowingly hiring unauthorized immigrants
enactedBy 99th United States Congress
historicalSignificance first major U.S. law to impose sanctions on employers for hiring unauthorized immigrants
largest single legalization program in U.S. immigration history
includesProvision Special Agricultural Worker program
surface form: Special Agricultural Worker legalization program

anti-discrimination protections related to employment verification
employer sanctions for hiring unauthorized workers
increased border enforcement resources
legalization of certain undocumented immigrants
reforms to temporary agricultural worker programs
introducedEmployerSanctions yes
legalizationProgram Special Agricultural Worker program
general amnesty for certain undocumented immigrants
legalization for long-term undocumented residents
legalStatus in force
longTermImpact created a legalized cohort of former undocumented immigrants who could obtain permanent residence and citizenship
established employment eligibility verification as a core element of U.S. immigration enforcement
policyApproach combination of enforcement and legalization
primaryGoal deter unauthorized immigration
legalize certain undocumented immigrants
reform United States immigration policy
publicLawNumber Public Law 99-603
shortName IRCA
signedBy Ronald Reagan
signingDate 1986-11-06
sponsor Alan K. Simpson
Romano L. Mazzoli
subjectMatter border security
immigration enforcement
labor and employment
legalization of undocumented immigrants
title An Act to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to revise and reform the immigration laws, and for other purposes
topic United States immigration policy reform
verificationMechanism Form I-9
surface form: Form I-9 employment eligibility verification
yearEnacted 1986

Referenced by (5)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Immigration and Nationality Act amendedBy Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
INA amendedBy Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
subject surface form: Immigration and Nationality Act
Pub.L. 82–414 amendedBy Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
99th United States Congress enacted Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
Immigration Act of 1990 relatedTo Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986