Jackson complained that the girls’ basketball team received unequal resources compared to the boys’ team
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Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Education is a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that held individuals are protected from retaliation under Title IX when they complain about sex discrimination in educational programs.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Jackson complained that the girls’ basketball team received unequal resources compared to the boys’ team canonical | 1 |
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
U.S. Supreme Court case
ⓘ
landmark Title IX case ⓘ |
| adverseAction | removal from coaching position after complaints ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
anti-discrimination law
ⓘ
civil rights law ⓘ education law ⓘ |
| arguedDate | 2004-11-30 ⓘ |
| citation | 544 U.S. 167 ⓘ |
| claimType | retaliation for complaining about sex discrimination ⓘ |
| constitutionalOrStatutoryBasis | federal spending clause legislation ⓘ |
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 2005-03-29 ⓘ |
| factualBackground |
After Jackson complained about unequal treatment, he was removed from his coaching position
ⓘ
Jackson complained that the girls’ basketball team received unequal resources compared to the boys’ team ⓘ Roderick Jackson was a girls’ basketball coach at a public high school in Birmingham, Alabama NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| federalFundingRequirement | applies to educational institutions receiving federal financial assistance ⓘ |
| fullName | Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Education NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| genderEqualityContext | equal athletic opportunities for female students ⓘ |
| holding |
Individuals are protected from retaliation under Title IX when they complain about sex discrimination in educational programs
ⓘ
Title IX’s private right of action encompasses claims of retaliation for complaints about sex discrimination ⓘ |
| impact |
expanded enforcement of Title IX through private lawsuits
ⓘ
strengthened protections for whistleblowers in educational institutions ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| legalIssue |
Title IX retaliation
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
sex discrimination in education ⓘ |
| locationOfEvents | Birmingham, Alabama NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| lowerCourtOutcome | Eleventh Circuit held that Title IX did not cover retaliation claims by individuals who were not direct victims of discrimination ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | Justice Sandra Day O’Connor NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| partyRoleOfRoderickJackson |
girls’ basketball coach
ⓘ
high school physical education teacher ⓘ |
| petitioner | Roderick Jackson NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| principleEstablished |
Retaliation against a person because they complain of sex discrimination is itself intentional discrimination on the basis of sex
ⓘ
Title IX protects individuals who complain about sex discrimination even if they are not the direct victims ⓘ |
| programType | educational programs receiving federal financial assistance ⓘ |
| protectedActivity | complaining to school officials about unequal treatment of the girls’ basketball team ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
private right of action under Title IX
ⓘ
retaliation as a form of discrimination ⓘ |
| remedyType | damages and injunctive relief under Title IX ⓘ |
| respondent | Birmingham Board of Education NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| shortName | Jackson NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| statuteInterpreted | Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
federal civil rights enforcement in education
ⓘ
sex discrimination in school athletics ⓘ |
| supremeCourtOutcome | reversed the Eleventh Circuit ⓘ |
| term | 2004 Term ⓘ |
| voteSplit | 5-4 ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Education
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factualBackground
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Jackson complained that the girls’ basketball team received unequal resources compared to the boys’ team
ⓘ