Kültepe

E39434

UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List site ancient city archaeological site tell

Kültepe is an important ancient archaeological site in central Turkey, best known for its large cache of cuneiform tablets that provide key evidence for Old Assyrian trade and early Anatolian languages.

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All labels observed (5)

Label	Occurrences
Kültepe canonical	9
Kültepe (ancient Kanesh)	1
Kültepe höyük	1
Kültepe kārum	1
Kültepe-Kaneš	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T294226 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Kültepe
Context triple: [Anatolian languages, majorCorpusLocation, Kültepe]

A. Boğazköy (Hattusa)
Boğazköy (Hattusa) is the archaeological site of the ancient Hittite capital in central Anatolia, renowned for its extensive cuneiform tablet archives that are key to the study of Anatolian languages.
B. Hatra
Hatra is an ancient fortified city in northern Iraq, renowned for its well-preserved blend of Hellenistic and Parthian architecture and its role as a major religious and trading center in the early centuries CE.
C. Nineveh
Nineveh was an ancient Assyrian city on the eastern bank of the Tigris River, famed as a major political and cultural center and once the capital of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
D. Basilica Cistern
The Basilica Cistern is a vast underground Byzantine water reservoir in Istanbul, famed for its forest of marble columns and atmospheric, cathedral-like interior.
E. Karyes
Karyes is the principal administrative and spiritual center of the monastic community on Mount Athos in Greece.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Kültepe
Target entity description: Kültepe is an important ancient archaeological site in central Turkey, best known for its large cache of cuneiform tablets that provide key evidence for Old Assyrian trade and early Anatolian languages.

A. Boğazköy (Hattusa)
Boğazköy (Hattusa) is the archaeological site of the ancient Hittite capital in central Anatolia, renowned for its extensive cuneiform tablet archives that are key to the study of Anatolian languages.
B. Hatra
Hatra is an ancient fortified city in northern Iraq, renowned for its well-preserved blend of Hellenistic and Parthian architecture and its role as a major religious and trading center in the early centuries CE.
C. Nineveh
Nineveh was an ancient Assyrian city on the eastern bank of the Tigris River, famed as a major political and cultural center and once the capital of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
D. Basilica Cistern
The Basilica Cistern is a vast underground Byzantine water reservoir in Istanbul, famed for its forest of marble columns and atmospheric, cathedral-like interior.
E. Karyes
Karyes is the principal administrative and spiritual center of the monastic community on Mount Athos in Greece.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List site ⓘ ancient city ⓘ archaeological site ⓘ tell ⓘ
country	Turkey ⓘ
culture	Anatolian ⓘ Hittite (Nesite) ⓘ surface form: Hittite Old Assyrian ⓘ
distanceFromKayseri	approximately 20 kilometers northeast ⓘ
elevation	about 1100 meters ⓘ
evidenceFor	Old Assyrian commercial law ⓘ earliest attested Indo-European language (Hittite) ⓘ long-distance trade between Mesopotamia and Anatolia ⓘ urbanization in Bronze Age Anatolia ⓘ
excavatedBy	Bedřich Hrozný ⓘ Tahsin Özgüç ⓘ
excavationsBegan	late 19th century ⓘ
hasAncientName	Kaneš ⓘ Neša ⓘ
hasName	Kültepe self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Kültepe-Kaneš
hasPart	Kaneš ⓘ surface form: karum Kaneš lower town ⓘ upper city mound ⓘ
heritageStatus	UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List (Turkey) ⓘ
knownFor	Assyrian merchant quarter (karum) ⓘ Old Assyrian trade records ⓘ early Anatolian languages ⓘ evidence for Old Assyrian trade network ⓘ large cache of cuneiform tablets ⓘ
language	Hattic (attested in names) ⓘ Hittite (Nesite) ⓘ surface form: Hittite Old Assyrian ⓘ Hittite (Nesite) ⓘ surface form: Old Hittite
locatedIn	Anatolia ⓘ Central Anatolia Region ⓘ surface form: Central Anatolia Kayseri Province ⓘ
locatedNear	Kayseri ⓘ
majorExcavations	20th century ⓘ
period	Early Bronze Age ⓘ Middle Bronze Age ⓘ Old Assyrian ⓘ surface form: Old Assyrian period Old Assyrian ⓘ surface form: Old Hittite period
region	Cappadocia ⓘ
script	cuneiform ⓘ
tabletCount	over 20,000 cuneiform tablets ⓘ
tradeGoods	silver ⓘ textiles ⓘ tin ⓘ
tradeNetwork	Old Assyrian merchant colonies in Anatolia ⓘ
UNESCOTentativeListSince	2014 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (13)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Anatolian languages → majorCorpusLocation → Kültepe ⓘ

Kültepe → hasName → Kültepe self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: Kültepe-Kaneš

Hittite archives → foundAt → Kültepe ⓘ

Old Assyrian → usedIn → Kültepe ⓘ

this entity surface form: Kültepe (ancient Kanesh)

Neša → ancientNameOf → Kültepe ⓘ

Neša → hasModernArchaeologicalName → Kültepe ⓘ

Neša → hasArchaeologicalComponent → Kültepe ⓘ

this entity surface form: Kültepe höyük

Neša → hasArchaeologicalComponent → Kültepe ⓘ

this entity surface form: Kültepe kārum

Old Assyrian commercial law → centeredIn → Kültepe ⓘ

Kaneš → modernSiteName → Kültepe ⓘ

Kayseri Province → contains → Kültepe ⓘ

Kayseri Province → historicalSite → Kültepe ⓘ

Kayseri Province → hasArchaeologicalSite → Kültepe ⓘ

All labels observed (5)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (50)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (13)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited