Battle of Cannae

E38666

The Battle of Cannae was a major engagement in 216 BC during the Second Punic War in which Hannibal’s Carthaginian army annihilated a much larger Roman force, becoming one of history’s most famous examples of tactical encirclement.

Aliases (1)

Statements (50)
Predicate Object
instanceOf battle
military engagement
alsoKnownAs Cannae
belligerent Carthage
Roman Republic
CarthaginianCasualties several thousand killed
combatant Carthaginian army
Roman army
commander Gaius Terentius Varro
Hannibal Barca
Lucius Aemilius Paullus
conflict Second Punic War
country Roman Republic
date 216 BC
describedIn Livy’s Ab Urbe Condita
Polybius’ Histories
estimatedCarthaginianForces about 10,000 cavalry
about 40,000 infantry
estimatedRomanForces about 6,000 cavalry
about 80,000 infantry
followedBy Battle of Herdonia (212 BC)
Battle of the Silarus
historicalEra 3rd century BC
historicalPeriod Ancient Rome
influenced Alfred von Schlieffen
Carl von Clausewitz
involvedUnitType Carthaginian heavy infantry
Gallic infantry
Iberian infantry
Numidian cavalry
Roman legions
location Apulia
Cannae
southeastern Italy
notableFor classic example of double envelopment
heavy Roman casualties
influence on later military theory
one of the worst defeats in Roman military history
outcome annihilation of a large Roman army
partOf Second Punic War
pointInTime 2 August 216 BC
precededBy Battle of Lake Trasimene
result decisive Carthaginian victory
RomanCasualties many thousands captured
tens of thousands killed
strategicContext Hannibal’s campaign in Italy
strategicObjective to force Rome into submission by destroying its armies
studiedIn military academies worldwide
tacticUsed double envelopment
tactical encirclement


Please wait…