Bitter Fruit
E385064
Bitter Fruit is a 1940 protest song by Abel Meeropol, better known as "Strange Fruit," which powerfully condemns the lynching of African Americans in the United States.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Bitter Fruit canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3740736 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bitter Fruit Context triple: [Bitter Fruit, title, Bitter Fruit]
-
A.
Bitter with the Sweet
"Bitter with the Sweet" is a song featured on the 1969 folk-rock album *Rhymes & Reasons* by John Denver.
-
B.
A Night This Side of Dying
"A Night This Side of Dying" is a song by Carole King featured on her 1974 album *Wrap Around Joy*.
-
C.
Child of God
Child of God is a dark, Southern Gothic novel by Cormac McCarthy that follows the violent descent of an outcast man in rural Tennessee into extreme depravity and isolation.
-
D.
The Art of Cruelty
The Art of Cruelty is a critical work of cultural theory in which Maggie Nelson examines representations of violence and suffering in art, film, and literature, questioning their ethical and aesthetic implications.
-
E.
The Long Walk
The Long Walk is a famous tree-lined avenue in Windsor Great Park that stretches from Windsor Castle to the Copper Horse statue, offering iconic views and a popular route for walks and ceremonies.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bitter Fruit Target entity description: Bitter Fruit is a 1940 protest song by Abel Meeropol, better known as "Strange Fruit," which powerfully condemns the lynching of African Americans in the United States.
-
A.
Bitter with the Sweet
"Bitter with the Sweet" is a song featured on the 1969 folk-rock album *Rhymes & Reasons* by John Denver.
-
B.
A Night This Side of Dying
"A Night This Side of Dying" is a song by Carole King featured on her 1974 album *Wrap Around Joy*.
-
C.
Child of God
Child of God is a dark, Southern Gothic novel by Cormac McCarthy that follows the violent descent of an outcast man in rural Tennessee into extreme depravity and isolation.
-
D.
The Art of Cruelty
The Art of Cruelty is a critical work of cultural theory in which Maggie Nelson examines representations of violence and suffering in art, film, and literature, questioning their ethical and aesthetic implications.
-
E.
The Long Walk
The Long Walk is a famous tree-lined avenue in Windsor Great Park that stretches from Windsor Castle to the Copper Horse statue, offering iconic views and a popular route for walks and ceremonies.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
anti-lynching song
ⓘ
protest song ⓘ song ⓘ |
| adaptedAs | song ⓘ |
| addressesIssue |
extrajudicial killings of African Americans
ⓘ
racial injustice in the United States ⓘ |
| associatedMovement | American civil rights movement ⓘ |
| authorOccupation | teacher ⓘ |
| authorPoliticalAffiliation | left-wing activist ⓘ |
| authorRealName | Abel Meeropol ⓘ |
| betterKnownAs | Strange Fruit ⓘ |
| composer | Abel Meeropol ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| culturalImpact | became an anthem against racial violence ⓘ |
| emotionalTone |
haunting
ⓘ
somber ⓘ |
| firstPopularPerformer | Billie Holiday ⓘ |
| firstRecordingArtist | Billie Holiday ⓘ |
| firstRecordingYear | 1939 ⓘ |
| form | ballad ⓘ |
| genre |
jazz standard
ⓘ
protest music ⓘ |
| hasLegacy | recognized as one of the most important protest songs in American history ⓘ |
| hasTitle |
Bitter Fruit
ⓘ
Strange Fruit ⓘ |
| historicalContext |
Jim Crow laws
ⓘ
surface form:
Jim Crow era in the United States
|
| key | D minor ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| lyricist | Abel Meeropol ⓘ |
| metaphorUsed | strange fruit hanging from the poplar trees ⓘ |
| musicalStyle | slow jazz ⓘ |
| notableLine |
Blood on the leaves and blood at the root
ⓘ
Southern trees bear a strange fruit ⓘ |
| originalAuthorPseudonym | Lewis Allan ⓘ |
| originalMedium | poem ⓘ |
| performanceContext |
often performed in jazz clubs
ⓘ
performed as a closing number by Billie Holiday ⓘ |
| politicalSignificance | early musical condemnation of lynching ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 1940 ⓘ |
| recordLabel | Commodore Records ⓘ |
| settingDescribed |
Southern United States
ⓘ
surface form:
American South
|
| subject | racial terror lynching ⓘ |
| theme |
lynching of African Americans
ⓘ
racial violence in the United States ⓘ racism ⓘ |
| timeSignature | 4/4 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Bitter Fruit Description of subject: Bitter Fruit is a 1940 protest song by Abel Meeropol, better known as "Strange Fruit," which powerfully condemns the lynching of African Americans in the United States.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Bitter Fruit