Kaluza–Klein theory
E378341
classical field theory
geometrical theory of gravity
higher-dimensional theory
physical theory
unified field theory
Kaluza–Klein theory is a higher-dimensional unification framework that extends general relativity by adding extra spatial dimensions to geometrically incorporate electromagnetism (and potentially other forces) alongside gravity.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Kaluza–Klein theory canonical | 8 |
| Kaluza–Klein compactification | 1 |
| Kaluza–Klein modes | 1 |
| Kaluza–Klein theories | 1 |
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
classical field theory
ⓘ
geometrical theory of gravity ⓘ higher-dimensional theory ⓘ physical theory ⓘ unified field theory ⓘ |
| aimsTo | unify gravity and electromagnetism ⓘ |
| appliedIn |
cosmological models with extra dimensions
ⓘ
models of extra dimensions in particle physics ⓘ |
| assumes |
extra dimension is unobservable at macroscopic scales
ⓘ
fields are independent of extra coordinate (cylinder condition) ⓘ |
| basedOn | general relativity ⓘ |
| compactificationShape | circle S^1 ⓘ |
| describes | gravity as spacetime curvature ⓘ |
| developedBy | Oskar Klein ⓘ |
| extraDimensionsCount | 1 ⓘ |
| extraDimensionsType | compact spatial dimensions ⓘ |
| field |
gravitational physics
ⓘ
high-energy physics ⓘ mathematical physics ⓘ theoretical physics ⓘ |
| generalizationOf |
4-dimensional general relativity
ⓘ
Einstein–Maxwell equations ⓘ
surface form:
Einstein–Maxwell theory
|
| geometrizes | electromagnetism ⓘ |
| goal | geometrical unification of fundamental interactions ⓘ |
| historicalPrecursorOf |
brane-world scenarios
ⓘ
string theory ⓘ |
| implies |
4-dimensional gravity plus gauge fields
ⓘ
Maxwell equations from higher-dimensional Einstein equations ⓘ |
| influenced |
higher-dimensional unified models
ⓘ
supergravity ⓘ |
| mathematicalStructure |
fiber bundle
ⓘ
principal bundle with gauge group U(1) ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Oskar Klein
ⓘ
Theodor Kaluza ⓘ |
| originalDimensionCount | 5 ⓘ |
| predicts | tower of massive Kaluza–Klein modes ⓘ |
| problem |
absence of observed Kaluza–Klein excitations at accessible energies
ⓘ
difficulty incorporating non-abelian gauge groups in simplest form ⓘ stability of compact extra dimensions ⓘ |
| proposedBy | Theodor Kaluza ⓘ |
| proposes | a 5-dimensional spacetime with one compact dimension ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Yang–Mills theory
ⓘ
surface form:
Yang–Mills theories
compactified string theories ⓘ gauge theories ⓘ |
| usesConcept |
5-dimensional metric
ⓘ
compactification ⓘ cylinder condition ⓘ extra spatial dimensions ⓘ higher-dimensional spacetime ⓘ |
| yearProposed | 1921 ⓘ |
| yearQuantizedVersionProposed | 1926 ⓘ |
Referenced by (11)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Kaluza–Klein modes
this entity surface form:
Kaluza–Klein compactification
this entity surface form:
Kaluza–Klein theories