Siege of Jerusalem (636–637)

E375166

battle of the Muslim conquest of the Levant siege

The Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) was the early Islamic Rashidun Caliphate’s capture of the Byzantine-held holy city, marking a decisive moment in the Muslim conquest of the Levant.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) canonical	2
Byzantine garrison of Jerusalem	1
Muslim capture of Jerusalem (636–637)	1

Statements (46)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	battle of the Muslim conquest of the Levant ⓘ siege ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) ⓘ surface form: Muslim capture of Jerusalem (636–637)
associatedWith	early Rashidun Caliphate expansion ⓘ transition of Jerusalem from Byzantine to Islamic rule ⓘ
belligerent	Byzantine Empire ⓘ Rashidun Caliphate ⓘ
cause	Byzantine military weakening after Yarmouk ⓘ Rashidun expansion into Byzantine Syria–Palestine ⓘ
civilianImpact	Change of administration for Jerusalem’s Christian and Jewish populations ⓘ
commander	Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah ⓘ Umar ibn al-Khattab ⓘ surface form: Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab Khalid ibn al-Walid ⓘ Sophronius of Jerusalem ⓘ surface form: Patriarch Sophronius of Jerusalem
conflict	Muslim conquest of the Levant ⓘ
conflictType	medieval siege ⓘ
duration	several months ⓘ
endDate	637 ⓘ
followedBy	Muslim consolidation of Palestine ⓘ
follows	Battle of Yarmouk ⓘ
geographicalContext	Byzantine province of Palaestina Prima ⓘ surface form: Province of Palaestina Prima under Byzantine rule
historicalPeriod	7th century ⓘ
locatedInPresentDay	Palestinian territories ⓘ Israel ⓘ surface form: State of Israel
longTermImpact	Foundation for continuous Muslim political presence in Jerusalem ⓘ Reorientation of pilgrimage and administrative networks in the Levant ⓘ
militaryTactic	blockade and negotiated surrender rather than storming the city ⓘ
notableEvent	Caliph Umar’s entry into Jerusalem ⓘ Conclusion of the so‑called Pact of Umar (traditional attribution) ⓘ Negotiated surrender of Jerusalem ⓘ
opponent	Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Byzantine garrison of Jerusalem
partOf	Arab–Byzantine wars ⓘ
place	Jerusalem ⓘ
politicalConsequence	Loss of a key city for the Byzantine Empire in the Levant ⓘ Strengthening of Rashidun control over Syria and Palestine ⓘ
precededBy	Battle of Yarmouk ⓘ
primarySourceTradition	early Arabic chronicles ⓘ later Christian chronicles ⓘ
religiousPolicyOutcome	Guarantees of protection for Christian holy sites under Muslim rule (traditional accounts) ⓘ
religiousSignificance	Beginning of Muslim rule over Jerusalem ⓘ Capture of one of Christianity’s holiest cities ⓘ
result	Rashidun Caliphate victory ⓘ Muslim conquest of the Levant ⓘ surface form: Surrender of Jerusalem to the Rashidun Caliphate
startDate	636 ⓘ
strategicImportance	Control of a major religious and administrative center in Palestine ⓘ
territorialChange	Jerusalem transferred from Byzantine Empire to Rashidun Caliphate ⓘ

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Arab–Byzantine wars → hasPart → Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) ⓘ

Muslim conquest of the Levant → keyBattle → Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) ⓘ

Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) → opponent → Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: Byzantine garrison of Jerusalem

Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) → alsoKnownAs → Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) ⓘ

this entity surface form: Muslim capture of Jerusalem (636–637)