Western text-type
E37294
The Western text-type is a distinctive textual tradition of the New Testament characterized by paraphrastic tendencies, expansions, and notable variations from other major text-types such as the Alexandrian and Byzantine.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Western text-type canonical | 5 |
| Western text of Acts | 1 |
| Western text of Revelation | 1 |
| Western text tradition | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T285583 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Western text-type Context triple: [New Testament manuscripts, haveMajorTextTypes, Western text-type]
-
A.
Glagolitic script
Glagolitic script is the oldest known Slavic alphabet, created in the 9th century by Saints Cyril and Methodius for the translation of Christian texts into Old Church Slavonic.
-
B.
Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet is the writing system originally used for Latin that has become the most widely adopted script in the world, forming the basis of many modern languages including English, Spanish, and French.
-
C.
Western Christianity
Western Christianity is the branch of Christianity that developed in Western Europe, encompassing traditions such as Roman Catholicism and most forms of Protestantism, and is characterized by distinct theological, liturgical, and ecclesiastical practices.
-
D.
Cyrillic script
The Cyrillic script is an alphabetic writing system used for many Slavic and other Eurasian languages, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian, and Ukrainian.
-
E.
Western Approaches
The Western Approaches is the area of the Atlantic Ocean off the western coasts of Britain and Ireland that served as a crucial maritime and naval battleground, especially during the World Wars.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Western text-type Target entity description: The Western text-type is a distinctive textual tradition of the New Testament characterized by paraphrastic tendencies, expansions, and notable variations from other major text-types such as the Alexandrian and Byzantine.
-
A.
Glagolitic script
Glagolitic script is the oldest known Slavic alphabet, created in the 9th century by Saints Cyril and Methodius for the translation of Christian texts into Old Church Slavonic.
-
B.
Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet is the writing system originally used for Latin that has become the most widely adopted script in the world, forming the basis of many modern languages including English, Spanish, and French.
-
C.
Western Christianity
Western Christianity is the branch of Christianity that developed in Western Europe, encompassing traditions such as Roman Catholicism and most forms of Protestantism, and is characterized by distinct theological, liturgical, and ecclesiastical practices.
-
D.
Cyrillic script
The Cyrillic script is an alphabetic writing system used for many Slavic and other Eurasian languages, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian, and Ukrainian.
-
E.
Western Approaches
The Western Approaches is the area of the Atlantic Ocean off the western coasts of Britain and Ireland that served as a crucial maritime and naval battleground, especially during the World Wars.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (95)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
New Testament text-type
ⓘ
textual tradition ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Western text
ⓘ
Western text-type ⓘ
surface form:
Western text tradition
|
| attestedIn |
Greek New Testament manuscripts
ⓘ
Latin New Testament manuscripts ⓘ Old Latin versions ⓘ Peshitta ⓘ
surface form:
Syriac versions
bilingual Greek–Latin manuscripts ⓘ quotations of early Christian writers ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
expansions
ⓘ
free renderings of the text ⓘ notable variations from other major text-types ⓘ omissions ⓘ paraphrastic tendencies ⓘ |
| contrastedWith |
Alexandrian text-type
ⓘ
Byzantine text-type ⓘ Caesarean text-type ⓘ |
| hasDebatedStatus |
considered less reliable by many modern textual critics
ⓘ
sometimes preserves early readings ⓘ |
| hasGeographicalAssociation |
Gaul
ⓘ
North Africa ⓘ Rome ⓘ Western part of the Roman Empire ⓘ |
| hasNotableFeature |
additions of explanatory phrases
ⓘ
conflation of readings ⓘ harmonizations between parallel passages ⓘ longer readings in Acts ⓘ omission of material found in Alexandrian witnesses ⓘ substitution of synonyms ⓘ tendency to alter word order ⓘ tendency to expand narrative detail ⓘ unique readings in Luke–Acts ⓘ |
| hasNotableReading |
expanded readings in Acts 15
ⓘ
expanded readings in Acts 19 ⓘ expanded readings in Acts 8 ⓘ omission of the doxology in Romans 16 in some witnesses ⓘ unique wording in Luke 22 ⓘ unique wording in Luke 24 ⓘ |
| hasSubdivision |
Western text-type
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Western text of Acts
Western text-type self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Western text of Revelation
Western text of the Catholic epistles ⓘ Western text of the Gospels ⓘ Western text of the Pauline epistles ⓘ |
| influenced |
Old Latin biblical tradition
ⓘ
early Western lectionary traditions ⓘ |
| notableWitness |
Codex Bezae
ⓘ
surface form:
Codex Bezae (D 05)
Codex Claromontanus (D 06) ⓘ Codex Laudianus (E 08) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(a) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(aur) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(b) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(bo) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(c) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(corr) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(d) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(e) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(f) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(ff1) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(ff2) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(ful) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(g) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(gig) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(h) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(k) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(l) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(m) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(p) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(q) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(q1) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(q2) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(r) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(r1) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(r2) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(r3) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(r4) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(s) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(t) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(w) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(x) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(y) ⓘ Old Latin manuscript it(z) ⓘ |
| studiedIn | New Testament textual criticism ⓘ |
| timePeriod |
2nd century
ⓘ
3rd century ⓘ 4th century ⓘ |
| usedBy |
Ambrose of Milan
ⓘ
Augustine of Hippo ⓘ Cyprian of Carthage ⓘ Hilary of Poitiers ⓘ Irenaeus of Lyons ⓘ
surface form:
Irenaeus
Jerome ⓘ
surface form:
Jerome (in some citations)
Latin Fathers of the West ⓘ Novatian ⓘ Tertullian ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Western text-type Description of subject: The Western text-type is a distinctive textual tradition of the New Testament characterized by paraphrastic tendencies, expansions, and notable variations from other major text-types such as the Alexandrian and Byzantine.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Western text tradition
this entity surface form:
Western text of Acts
this entity surface form:
Western text of Revelation