Codex Bezae
E65167
5th-century manuscript
Greek-Latin diglot
New Testament manuscript
biblical manuscript
uncial manuscript
Codex Bezae is a 5th-century Greek-Latin bilingual manuscript of the New Testament, notable for its distinctive textual variants and importance in biblical textual criticism.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Codex Bezae canonical | 5 |
| Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis | 2 |
| Bezae Codex | 1 |
| Codex Bezae (D 05) | 1 |
| Codex Bezae to the University of Cambridge | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T522770 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Codex Bezae Context triple: [Theodore Beza, owned, Codex Bezae]
-
A.
Codex Alexandrinus
Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th-century Greek manuscript of the Bible, notable as one of the oldest and most complete surviving copies of both the Old and New Testaments.
-
B.
Codex Sinaiticus
Codex Sinaiticus is one of the oldest and most complete surviving manuscripts of the Christian Bible, written in Greek on parchment in the 4th century.
-
C.
Codex Vaticanus
Codex Vaticanus is a 4th-century Greek biblical manuscript held in the Vatican Library and regarded as one of the oldest and most important witnesses to the text of the Bible.
-
D.
Peshitta
The Peshitta is the standard Syriac version of the Bible, historically central to Syriac Christianity’s scripture and liturgy.
-
E.
Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus is a traditional printed Greek New Testament text compiled in the 16th century that became the primary basis for many early Protestant Bible translations.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Codex Bezae Target entity description: Codex Bezae is a 5th-century Greek-Latin bilingual manuscript of the New Testament, notable for its distinctive textual variants and importance in biblical textual criticism.
-
A.
Codex Alexandrinus
Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th-century Greek manuscript of the Bible, notable as one of the oldest and most complete surviving copies of both the Old and New Testaments.
-
B.
Codex Sinaiticus
Codex Sinaiticus is one of the oldest and most complete surviving manuscripts of the Christian Bible, written in Greek on parchment in the 4th century.
-
C.
Codex Vaticanus
Codex Vaticanus is a 4th-century Greek biblical manuscript held in the Vatican Library and regarded as one of the oldest and most important witnesses to the text of the Bible.
-
D.
Peshitta
The Peshitta is the standard Syriac version of the Bible, historically central to Syriac Christianity’s scripture and liturgy.
-
E.
Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus is a traditional printed Greek New Testament text compiled in the 16th century that became the primary basis for many early Protestant Bible translations.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
5th-century manuscript
ⓘ
Greek-Latin diglot ⓘ New Testament manuscript ⓘ biblical manuscript ⓘ uncial manuscript ⓘ |
| associatedWithInstitution |
Cambridge University
ⓘ
surface form:
University of Cambridge
|
| associatedWithScholar | Theodore Beza ⓘ |
| cityHeld |
Cambridge, England
ⓘ
surface form:
Cambridge
|
| containsCanonicalSection |
Acts
ⓘ
four Gospels ⓘ |
| containsText |
Acts of the Apostles
ⓘ
Gospel of John ⓘ Gospel of Luke ⓘ Gospel of Mark ⓘ Gospel of Matthew ⓘ |
| countryHeld | United Kingdom ⓘ |
| dateOfOrigin | 5th century ⓘ |
| donatedTo |
Cambridge University
ⓘ
surface form:
University of Cambridge
|
| donationYear | 1581 ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
Codex Bezae
ⓘ
surface form:
Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis
|
| hasApproximateLeaves | 406 leaves (originally) ⓘ |
| hasColumnLayout | single column per page ⓘ |
| hasCondition | lacunae in several parts ⓘ |
| hasDecoration | simple ornamental features rather than elaborate illumination ⓘ |
| hasGregoryAlandNumber | 05 ⓘ |
| hasLanguage |
Greek
ⓘ
Latin ⓘ |
| hasSiglum | D ⓘ |
| hasSignificance | primary witness to Western text of Gospels and Acts ⓘ |
| hasTextualCharacter |
expansive readings
ⓘ
harmonizing readings ⓘ paraphrastic tendencies ⓘ |
| isBilingual | true ⓘ |
| notableFor |
distinctive textual variants
ⓘ
importance in New Testament textual criticism ⓘ |
| placeHeld | Cambridge University Library ⓘ |
| previousOwner | Theodore Beza ⓘ |
| scriptType | uncial script ⓘ |
| shelfmark | Cambridge University Library MS Nn.2.41 ⓘ |
| textType | Western text-type ⓘ |
| usedInDiscipline |
New Testament textual criticism
ⓘ
biblical studies ⓘ |
| writingDirection |
Greek text on left page
ⓘ
Latin text on right page ⓘ |
| writingMaterial | parchment ⓘ |
| writingSystem |
Greek alphabet
ⓘ
Latin alphabet ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Codex Bezae Description of subject: Codex Bezae is a 5th-century Greek-Latin bilingual manuscript of the New Testament, notable for its distinctive textual variants and importance in biblical textual criticism.
Referenced by (10)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Codex Bezae to the University of Cambridge
this entity surface form:
Codex Bezae (D 05)
this entity surface form:
Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis
subject surface form:
Pericope adulterae
this entity surface form:
Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis
this entity surface form:
Bezae Codex