Disambiguation evidence for Gauss’s lemma in number theory via surface form

"Gauss’s lemma (number theory)"


As subject (44)

Triples where this entity appears as subject under the label "Gauss’s lemma (number theory)".

Predicate Object
appearsIn Disquisitiones Arithmeticae
surface form: Gauss’s Disquisitiones Arithmeticae
appliesTo odd prime modulus
assumes a is an integer coprime to p
assumes p is an odd prime
category results about quadratic residues
category theorems about primes
characterizes quadratic non-residues via parity of negative multiples
characterizes quadratic residues via parity of negative multiples
concerns quadratic non-residues modulo an odd prime
concerns quadratic residues modulo an odd prime
domain modular arithmetic
equates Legendre symbol (a|p) with (−1)^n
equivalentTo certain combinatorial formulations of the Legendre symbol
excludes case where p divides a
field number theory
gives criterion for quadratic residuosity modulo an odd prime
hasNotation (a|p) for the Legendre symbol in its statement
historicalPeriod early 19th century
holdsFor integers a with gcd(a,p)=1
implies Gauss’s lemma in number theory self-linksurface differs
surface form: Legendre symbol takes values ±1 for a coprime to p
instanceOf lemma in number theory
instanceOf result in elementary number theory
involves counting negative representatives among reduced multiples
involves sequence of multiples a,2a,…,((p−1)/2)a modulo p
namedAfter Carl Friedrich Gauss
oftenFormulatedWith interval (−p/2,p/2] for representatives modulo p
provides practical method to compute Legendre symbols
relatedTo Gauss’s lemma in number theory self-linksurface differs
surface form: Euler’s criterion
relatedTo quadratic reciprocity law
relates Legendre symbol
relates number of sign changes in a sequence of multiples
requires reduction of integers modulo p into a symmetric interval around 0
statement Let p be an odd prime and a an integer coprime to p. Consider the numbers a,2a,3a,…,((p−1)/2)a reduced modulo p into the interval (−p/2,p/2]. Let n be the number of these residues that are negative. Then (a|p) = (−1)^n, where (a|p) is the Legendre symbol.
subfield elementary number theory
subfield quadratic number theory
toolIn computational number theory
topic Legendre symbol
topic quadratic residues
typeOf criterion for quadratic residuosity
usedBy elementary number theory textbooks
usedFor computing Legendre symbols
usedFor testing whether an integer is a quadratic residue modulo an odd prime
usedIn elementary proofs of properties of Legendre symbols
usedIn proofs of quadratic reciprocity