Treaty on European Union

E28854

founding treaty of the European Union international treaty multilateral treaty

The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundational agreement that created the modern European Union and introduced the framework for a single currency, common foreign and security policy, and closer political integration among its member states.

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All labels observed (14)

Label	Occurrences
Treaty on European Union canonical	139
Maastricht Treaty	12
Treaty of Maastricht	4
Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union	3
Article 15 of the Treaty on European Union	2
Title V of the Treaty on European Union	2
Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty)	2
Article 42 of the Treaty on European Union	1
Article 43 of the Treaty on European Union (post-Lisbon)	1
Maastricht Treaty (Treaty on European Union)	1
Maastricht Treaty 1992	1
Treaty on European Union (consolidated version after Lisbon)	1
Treaty on European Union as amended	1
Treaty on the European Union (Maastricht Treaty)	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T226870 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty on European Union
Context triple: [European Union, foundedByTreaty, Treaty on European Union]

A. Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is one of the EU’s primary founding treaties, setting out its institutional framework, policy competences, and detailed rules governing the functioning of the Union’s internal market and other key areas.
B. Locarno Treaties
The Locarno Treaties were a series of 1925 diplomatic agreements in which Germany, France, Belgium, Britain, and Italy sought to stabilize post–World War I Europe by guaranteeing Western borders and promoting reconciliation with Germany.
C. Constitution of Belgium
The Constitution of Belgium is the fundamental legal charter that defines Belgium’s federal structure, the powers of its institutions, and the rights and freedoms of its citizens.
D. North Atlantic Treaty
The North Atlantic Treaty is the 1949 founding agreement that created the NATO military alliance, establishing collective defense commitments among Western nations during the early Cold War.
E. European Coal and Steel Community
The European Coal and Steel Community was a pioneering post–World War II European organization that integrated coal and steel production among member states, laying the groundwork for the later European Union.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty on European Union
Target entity description: The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundational agreement that created the modern European Union and introduced the framework for a single currency, common foreign and security policy, and closer political integration among its member states.

A. Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is one of the EU’s primary founding treaties, setting out its institutional framework, policy competences, and detailed rules governing the functioning of the Union’s internal market and other key areas.
B. Locarno Treaties
The Locarno Treaties were a series of 1925 diplomatic agreements in which Germany, France, Belgium, Britain, and Italy sought to stabilize post–World War I Europe by guaranteeing Western borders and promoting reconciliation with Germany.
C. Constitution of Belgium
The Constitution of Belgium is the fundamental legal charter that defines Belgium’s federal structure, the powers of its institutions, and the rights and freedoms of its citizens.
D. North Atlantic Treaty
The North Atlantic Treaty is the 1949 founding agreement that created the NATO military alliance, establishing collective defense commitments among Western nations during the early Cold War.
E. European Coal and Steel Community
The European Coal and Steel Community was a pioneering post–World War II European organization that integrated coal and steel production among member states, laying the groundwork for the later European Union.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	founding treaty of the European Union ⓘ international treaty ⓘ multilateral treaty ⓘ
amendedBy	Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ Treaty of Lisbon ⓘ Treaty of Nice ⓘ
article49ProvidesFor	accession of new member states to the European Union ⓘ
article50ProvidesFor	withdrawal of a member state from the European Union ⓘ
cameIntoForceWith	Treaty on European Union self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Treaty on European Union (consolidated version after Lisbon)
created	European Union ⓘ
createdPillar	Common Security and Defence Policy ⓘ surface form: Common Foreign and Security Policy pillar European Communities pillar ⓘ European Union area of freedom, security and justice ⓘ surface form: Justice and Home Affairs pillar
dateSigned	1992-02-07 ⓘ
defines	objectives of the European Union ⓘ principles of subsidiarity and proportionality ⓘ
enteredIntoForce	1993-11-01 ⓘ
established	European Union ⓘ
expandedPowerOf	European Parliament ⓘ
formsConstitutionalBasisOf	European Union ⓘ
hasAlias	Treaty on European Union self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Maastricht Treaty
hasArticle	Article 1 TEU ⓘ Article 2 TEU ⓘ Article 3 TEU ⓘ Article 4 TEU ⓘ Article 49 TEU ⓘ Article 5 TEU ⓘ Article 50 TEU ⓘ Article 6 TEU ⓘ Article 7 TEU ⓘ
introducedConcept	European Union economic and monetary union ⓘ surface form: Economic and Monetary Union European Union citizenship ⓘ convergence criteria for the euro ⓘ
introducedPolicyFramework	Common Foreign and Security Policy ⓘ cooperation in justice and home affairs ⓘ
introducedProcedure	co-decision procedure ⓘ
language	all official languages of the European Union ⓘ
legalBasisFor	European Central Bank ⓘ Euro ⓘ surface form: euro
negotiatedBy	governments of the member states of the European Communities ⓘ
numberOfOriginalSignatories	12 ⓘ
partOf	primary law of the European Union ⓘ
predecessor	Treaty of Rome ⓘ
providedFor	creation of a single European currency ⓘ strengthening of the European Parliament ⓘ
setsOut	institutional framework of the European Union ⓘ
signatoryOrganization	Member States of the European Union ⓘ surface form: European Communities member states
signedAt	Maastricht ⓘ
signedInCountry	Netherlands ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (171)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Council Joint Action 2005/889/CFSP → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

EU Council Joint Action 2008/736/CFSP → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Council Decision 2014/219/CFSP → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Secretary-General of the European External Action Service → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Union Military Committee → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Brussels Treaty of 1965 → followedBy → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Union military structures → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

EU missions → hasLegalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Defence Agency → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European security architecture → includesAgreement → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

AFSJ → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Schengen acquis → legalBasisIn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

EU internal security strategy → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Amsterdam Treaty → follows → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty

Amsterdam Treaty → amends → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

EU economic governance framework → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Maastricht Treaty 1992 → officialName → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: Maastricht Treaty

DG NEAR → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

College of Commissioners → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Code of Conduct for Commissioners → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Kohl–Mitterrand Verdun hand-in-hand gesture → precedes → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty

Directorate G – Environment & Energy → appliesLegalFramework → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Directorate J – Internal Policies → appliesLegalFramework → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Directorate N – Institutional Affairs → usesLegalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Directorate R – Civil Service Law → governedBy → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Directorate U – Institutional & Budgetary Law → appliesLegalFramework → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Directorate W – Internal Market & Environment → appliesLegalFramework → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Council’s Rules of Procedure → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

FAC → establishedBy → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: Foreign Affairs Council

FAC → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: Foreign Affairs Council

Justice and Home Affairs Council → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Parliament elections → hasLegalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Treaties of the Federal Republic of Germany → includes → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Treaty on the European Union (Maastricht Treaty)

presidency of the Council of the European Union → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

GSCUE → follows → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Council preparatory bodies → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Treaties of Belgium → hasPart → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty

Rules of Procedure of the General Court → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Rules of Procedure of the European Parliament → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Advocate General → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

President of the European Parliament → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

President of the European Council → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Commission led by Ursula von der Leyen → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

First Vice-President of the European Commission → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

HR/VP → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Article 38 of the Treaty on European Union → partOf → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Article 38 of the Treaty on European Union → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Treaty on European Union as amended

European Monetary Institute → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty

UK Parliament 1992–1997 → enactedTreaty → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty (Treaty on European Union)

All labels observed (14)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (49)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (171)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited