Treaty on European Union

E28854

founding treaty of the European Union international treaty multilateral treaty

The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundational agreement that created the modern European Union and introduced the framework for a single currency, common foreign and security policy, and closer political integration among its member states.

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All labels observed (14)

Label	Occurrences
Treaty on European Union canonical	139
Maastricht Treaty	12
Treaty of Maastricht	4
Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union	3
Article 15 of the Treaty on European Union	2
Title V of the Treaty on European Union	2
Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty)	2
Article 42 of the Treaty on European Union	1
Article 43 of the Treaty on European Union (post-Lisbon)	1
Maastricht Treaty (Treaty on European Union)	1
Maastricht Treaty 1992	1
Treaty on European Union (consolidated version after Lisbon)	1
Treaty on European Union as amended	1
Treaty on the European Union (Maastricht Treaty)	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T226870 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty on European Union
Context triple: [European Union, foundedByTreaty, Treaty on European Union]

A. Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is one of the EU’s primary founding treaties, setting out its institutional framework, policy competences, and detailed rules governing the functioning of the Union’s internal market and other key areas.
B. Locarno Treaties
The Locarno Treaties were a series of 1925 diplomatic agreements in which Germany, France, Belgium, Britain, and Italy sought to stabilize post–World War I Europe by guaranteeing Western borders and promoting reconciliation with Germany.
C. Constitution of Belgium
The Constitution of Belgium is the fundamental legal charter that defines Belgium’s federal structure, the powers of its institutions, and the rights and freedoms of its citizens.
D. North Atlantic Treaty
The North Atlantic Treaty is the 1949 founding agreement that created the NATO military alliance, establishing collective defense commitments among Western nations during the early Cold War.
E. European Coal and Steel Community
The European Coal and Steel Community was a pioneering post–World War II European organization that integrated coal and steel production among member states, laying the groundwork for the later European Union.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty on European Union
Target entity description: The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundational agreement that created the modern European Union and introduced the framework for a single currency, common foreign and security policy, and closer political integration among its member states.

A. Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is one of the EU’s primary founding treaties, setting out its institutional framework, policy competences, and detailed rules governing the functioning of the Union’s internal market and other key areas.
B. Locarno Treaties
The Locarno Treaties were a series of 1925 diplomatic agreements in which Germany, France, Belgium, Britain, and Italy sought to stabilize post–World War I Europe by guaranteeing Western borders and promoting reconciliation with Germany.
C. Constitution of Belgium
The Constitution of Belgium is the fundamental legal charter that defines Belgium’s federal structure, the powers of its institutions, and the rights and freedoms of its citizens.
D. North Atlantic Treaty
The North Atlantic Treaty is the 1949 founding agreement that created the NATO military alliance, establishing collective defense commitments among Western nations during the early Cold War.
E. European Coal and Steel Community
The European Coal and Steel Community was a pioneering post–World War II European organization that integrated coal and steel production among member states, laying the groundwork for the later European Union.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	founding treaty of the European Union ⓘ international treaty ⓘ multilateral treaty ⓘ
amendedBy	Treaty of Amsterdam ⓘ Treaty of Lisbon ⓘ Treaty of Nice ⓘ
article49ProvidesFor	accession of new member states to the European Union ⓘ
article50ProvidesFor	withdrawal of a member state from the European Union ⓘ
cameIntoForceWith	Treaty on European Union self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Treaty on European Union (consolidated version after Lisbon)
created	European Union ⓘ
createdPillar	Common Security and Defence Policy ⓘ surface form: Common Foreign and Security Policy pillar European Communities pillar ⓘ European Union area of freedom, security and justice ⓘ surface form: Justice and Home Affairs pillar
dateSigned	1992-02-07 ⓘ
defines	objectives of the European Union ⓘ principles of subsidiarity and proportionality ⓘ
enteredIntoForce	1993-11-01 ⓘ
established	European Union ⓘ
expandedPowerOf	European Parliament ⓘ
formsConstitutionalBasisOf	European Union ⓘ
hasAlias	Treaty on European Union self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Maastricht Treaty
hasArticle	Article 1 TEU ⓘ Article 2 TEU ⓘ Article 3 TEU ⓘ Article 4 TEU ⓘ Article 49 TEU ⓘ Article 5 TEU ⓘ Article 50 TEU ⓘ Article 6 TEU ⓘ Article 7 TEU ⓘ
introducedConcept	European Union economic and monetary union ⓘ surface form: Economic and Monetary Union European Union citizenship ⓘ convergence criteria for the euro ⓘ
introducedPolicyFramework	Common Foreign and Security Policy ⓘ cooperation in justice and home affairs ⓘ
introducedProcedure	co-decision procedure ⓘ
language	all official languages of the European Union ⓘ
legalBasisFor	European Central Bank ⓘ Euro ⓘ surface form: euro
negotiatedBy	governments of the member states of the European Communities ⓘ
numberOfOriginalSignatories	12 ⓘ
partOf	primary law of the European Union ⓘ
predecessor	Treaty of Rome ⓘ
providedFor	creation of a single European currency ⓘ strengthening of the European Parliament ⓘ
setsOut	institutional framework of the European Union ⓘ
signatoryOrganization	Member States of the European Union ⓘ surface form: European Communities member states
signedAt	Maastricht ⓘ
signedInCountry	Netherlands ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (171)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

the Council → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Agriculture and Fisheries Council → subjectTo → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Union legal order → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

CJUE → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Treaty of Paris → relatedTo → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: Treaty of Paris (1951)

this entity surface form: Treaty of Maastricht

European System of Central Banks → establishedUnder → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty

High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

President of the European Council as chair → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: President of the European Council

President of the European Council as chair → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: President of the European Council

this entity surface form: Article 15 of the Treaty on European Union

Statute of the European Ombudsman → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 1141/2014 → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European political parties → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Treaty of Amsterdam → follows → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty)

Treaty of Amsterdam → amends → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Single European Act → predecessorOf → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

ECA → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: European Court of Auditors

Common Foreign and Security Policy → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Common Foreign and Security Policy → basedOnArticle → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Title V of the Treaty on European Union

Common Foreign and Security Policy → createdByTreaty → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Treaty of Maastricht

Article 4 TEU → partOf → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

EMU → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union

Stage Three of EMU → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Treaty of Nice → amends → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Union citizenship → definedBy → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Union citizenship → introducedBy → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty

Article 1 TEU → partOf → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Article 1 TEU → defines → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Article 50 TEU → partOf → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Article 50 TEU → locatedInDocument → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Maastricht → knownFor → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty

Maastricht → treatySignedHere → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

this entity surface form: Maastricht Treaty

Maastricht → treatySignedHere → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

R (Miller) v Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union → relatedTreaty → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Council notification procedure → governedBy → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

bureau → follows → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: Bureau of the European Economic and Social Committee

CoR → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

ESDP → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Union Military Staff → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Permanent Structured Cooperation → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Council Decision 2010/427/EU → basedOn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Council Decision 2010/427/EU → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability → legalFramework → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

PSC → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

subject surface form: Political and Security Committee

COPS → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Council Decision (CFSP) 2021/509 → hasLegalBasisIn → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Council Joint Action 2008/124/CFSP → adoptedUnder → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

European Commission’s Directorate-General for External Relations → governedBy → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

EU Delegations → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

EU Rapid Deployment Capacity → legalFramework → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

Council Decision 2012/392/CFSP → legalBasis → Treaty on European Union ⓘ

All labels observed (14)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (49)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (171)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited