generalized binomial theorem

E27434

The generalized binomial theorem extends the classical binomial theorem by allowing real or complex exponents, expressing powers of a binomial as an infinite series using generalized binomial coefficients.

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Predicate Object
instanceOf mathematical theorem
result in analysis
allowsExponentType complex exponents
real exponents
alsoKnownAs binomial series
binomial series expansion
assumes principal branch of complex power for (1+z)^α
category series expansion theorem
coefficientDefinition (α choose k) = Γ(α+1)/(Γ(k+1)Γ(α-k+1)) when defined
(α choose k) = α(α-1)…(α-k+1)/k!
convergenceCondition |z| < 1 for general complex α
expresses (1+z)^α as an infinite series
extends binomial theorem
field algebra
combinatorics
complex analysis
mathematical analysis
generalizes finite binomial expansion to infinite series
givesSeriesFor (1+z)^α
(1-z)^{-α}
historicalAttribution Isaac Newton
historicalPeriod 17th century
implies analyticity of (1+z)^α on unit disk minus branch cut
radius of convergence 1 for binomial series in z
mainFormula (1+z)^α = Σ_{k=0}^{∞} (α choose k) z^k
relatedConcept Gamma function
Pochhammer symbol
Taylor series
hypergeometric series
power series expansion
requires |arg(1+z)| < π for standard complex branch
specialCase reduces to classical binomial theorem when α is a nonnegative integer
topicOf advanced calculus courses
complex analysis courses
generating function methods in combinatorics
real analysis courses
usedIn analytic continuation of (1+z)^α
asymptotic expansions
probability theory
series solutions of differential equations
usedToDerive series for (1+z)^{1/2}
series for (1-z)^{-1/2}
series for (1-z)^{-1} = Σ_{k=0}^{∞} z^k
uses generalized binomial coefficients
validFor complex exponent α
complex variable z

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Referenced by (3)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

binomial theorem hasGeneralization generalized binomial theorem
binomial theorem hasGeneralization generalized binomial theorem
this entity surface form: Newton's generalized binomial theorem
multinomial theorem generalizationOf generalized binomial theorem
this entity surface form: Newton binomial formula