Hawking radiation
E26863
Hawking radiation is the theoretical blackbody radiation predicted to be emitted by black holes due to quantum effects near the event horizon, causing them to lose mass and eventually evaporate.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Hawking radiation canonical | 12 |
| Hawking temperature | 2 |
| Hawking temperature of black holes | 1 |
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
blackbody radiation
ⓘ
physical phenomenon ⓘ quantum effect near event horizon ⓘ theoretical prediction ⓘ |
| causes |
black hole evaporation
ⓘ
black hole mass loss ⓘ |
| conserves | energy overall ⓘ |
| describedBy | Stephen Hawking ⓘ |
| detectionDifficulty | extremely low temperature for stellar-mass black holes ⓘ |
| emissionRegion | near the event horizon ⓘ |
| emittedBy | black holes ⓘ |
| field |
black hole physics
ⓘ
general relativity ⓘ quantum field theory in curved spacetime ⓘ quantum gravity ⓘ theoretical physics ⓘ |
| hasCause |
curved spacetime effects on quantum fields
ⓘ
pair production near event horizon ⓘ quantum vacuum fluctuations near event horizon ⓘ |
| hasEffect |
decrease of black hole event horizon area
ⓘ
finite lifetime of black holes ⓘ increase of black hole temperature as mass decreases ⓘ information loss paradox ⓘ thermal particle emission spectrum ⓘ violation of classical area theorem ⓘ |
| hasMathematicalDescription |
Bogoliubov transformations between in and out states
ⓘ
quantum field modes on Schwarzschild background ⓘ |
| implies |
black holes have entropy
ⓘ
black holes have temperature ⓘ |
| lifetimeImplication |
primordial black holes could evaporate within age of universe
ⓘ
small black holes evaporate faster ⓘ |
| modeledAs | particle emission to infinity ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Stephen Hawking ⓘ |
| powerInverselyProportionalTo | square of black hole mass ⓘ |
| predictedBy | semi-classical gravity ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 1974 ⓘ |
| radiationType |
blackbody spectrum
ⓘ
thermal radiation ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Bekenstein–Hawking entropy
ⓘ
Page curve ⓘ Unruh effect ⓘ black hole thermodynamics ⓘ information loss paradox ⓘ quantum field theory in curved spacetime ⓘ |
| status | not yet directly observed ⓘ |
| supports | view of black holes as thermodynamic objects ⓘ |
| temperatureInverselyProportionalTo | black hole mass ⓘ |
| temperatureOrderOfMagnitude | 10^-8 kelvin for solar-mass black hole ⓘ |
| temperatureProportionalTo | surface gravity of the black hole ⓘ |
| violates | classical notion that nothing escapes a black hole ⓘ |
Referenced by (15)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Hawking temperature
this entity surface form:
Hawking temperature
this entity surface form:
Hawking temperature of black holes