Thirty Years' War

E21516

European war conflict religious war

The Thirty Years' War was a devastating 17th-century European conflict, largely fought in the Holy Roman Empire, that intertwined religious and political struggles and reshaped the continent’s balance of power.

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Observed surface forms (7)

Surface form	Occurrences
Thirty Years’ War	6
Thirty Years War	2
Dreißigjähriger Krieg	1
Thirty Years' War (diplomatic and political involvement)	1
Thirty Years' War (late phase as ruler of Brandenburg)	1
Thirty Years' War (via Cardinal Richelieu)	1
Thirty Years’ War (indirect diplomatic and military involvement)	1

Statements (68)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	European war ⓘ conflict ⓘ religious war ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Thirty Years' War ⓘ surface form: Dreißigjähriger Krieg
consequence	decline of Spain ⓘ devastation of German territories ⓘ economic disruption in Central Europe ⓘ increased autonomy of German princes ⓘ large civilian casualties ⓘ recognition of state sovereignty ⓘ rise of France as a great power ⓘ weakening of the Holy Roman Emperor ⓘ
endCause	Peace of Westphalia ⓘ
endTime	1648 ⓘ
estimatedDeaths	4 to 8 million people ⓘ
followedBy	Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) ⓘ Polish–Swedish wars ⓘ surface form: Northern Wars
hasCause	Defenestration of Prague (1618) ⓘ surface form: Bohemian Revolt Habsburg attempts at centralization ⓘ political rivalry among European powers ⓘ religious tensions between Protestants and Catholics ⓘ
hasDuration	30 years ⓘ
hasPart	Bohemian phase ⓘ Danish phase ⓘ Franco-Swedish phase ⓘ Palatinate phase ⓘ Swedish phase ⓘ
historicalPeriod	17th century ⓘ
languageOfName	English ⓘ
locatedIn	Central Europe ⓘ Europe ⓘ Holy Roman Empire ⓘ
mainBelligerent	House of Lobkowicz ⓘ surface form: Bohemian estates Catholic League ⓘ Dutch Republic ⓘ Electorate of Bavaria ⓘ Electorate of Saxony ⓘ Austrian Habsburg Monarchy ⓘ surface form: Habsburg Monarchy Holy Roman Empire ⓘ House of Habsburg ⓘ Denmark–Norway ⓘ surface form: Kingdom of Denmark–Norway Kingdom of France ⓘ Kingdom of Sweden ⓘ Protestant Union ⓘ Spanish Empire ⓘ Transylvania ⓘ
notableBattle	Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) ⓘ Battle of Lützen (1632) ⓘ Battle of White Mountain ⓘ Sack of Magdeburg ⓘ
notableCommander	Albrecht von Wallenstein ⓘ Cardinal Richelieu ⓘ Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor ⓘ Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor ⓘ Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden ⓘ Tilly (Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly) ⓘ
opposedBy	Catholic princes ⓘ surface form: Catholic states Protestant states ⓘ
precededBy	Long Turkish War ⓘ
primaryLocation	German states of the Holy Roman Empire ⓘ
religiousAspect	Counter-Reformation ⓘ Reformation ⓘ surface form: Protestant Reformation
result	Peace of Westphalia ⓘ
significantEvent	Defenestration of Prague (1618) ⓘ surface form: Defenestration of Prague
startPoint	Defenestration of Prague (1618) ⓘ surface form: Bohemian Revolt
startTime	1618 ⓘ
treaty	Treaty of Münster between Spain and the Dutch Republic ⓘ surface form: Treaty of Münster Treaty of Osnabrück ⓘ

Referenced by (67)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

principal land force of the Holy Roman Empire → activeDuring → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

subject surface form: Imperial Army (Holy Roman Empire)

Thirty Years' War → alsoKnownAs → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Dreißigjähriger Krieg

Elizabeth Stuart → associatedEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Duke of Richelieu → associatedWith → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Thirty Years' War (via Cardinal Richelieu)

House of Habsburg → associatedWith → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

House of Palatinate-Simmern → associatedWith → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Kanonen-Bernhard → associatedWith → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Catalan Revolt → chronologicalContext → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Fronde → chronologicallyAfter → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Army of Flanders → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Frederick V, Elector Palatine → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Imperial Army → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

King Louis XIII → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

subject surface form: Louis XIII of France

this entity surface form: Thirty Years’ War

Rey Planeta → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

subject surface form: Philip IV of Spain

Pope Urban VIII → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Thirty Years' War (diplomatic and political involvement)

Prince Rupert of the Rhine → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Royal Scots → conflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Thirty Years’ War

Peace of Westphalia → ended → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Cardinal Mazarin → era → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden → era → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Fronde → followed → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Protestant Christianity → hasHistoricalEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

European wars of religion → hasPart → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

De iure belli ac pacis → historicalContext → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Central Europe → historicalEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Thirty Years War

County of Nassau-Hadamar → historicalEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Kurfürsten → influencedBy → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Austrian Habsburg Monarchy → involvedIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Duchy of Lorraine → involvedIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Electorate of Cologne → involvedIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Habsburg Spain → involvedIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares → involvedInConflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Queen of Bohemia → linkedHistoricalEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Christian IV of Denmark → militaryConflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Władysław IV Vasa → militaryConflict → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Thirty Years’ War (indirect diplomatic and military involvement)

Cardinal Infante Ferdinand of Austria → notableEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Holy Roman Empire → notableEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Philip IV of Spain → notableEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Prince-Archbishopric of Mainz → notableEvent → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) → partOf → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Swedish Empire → partOf → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Catholic League (Holy Roman Empire) → participantIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg → participantIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Thirty Years' War (late phase as ruler of Brandenburg)

Henri de la Tour d’Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne → participantIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Thirty Years’ War

Albrecht von Wallenstein → participatedIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven → participatedIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

this entity surface form: Thirty Years’ War

Kanonen-Bernhard → participatedIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ

subject surface form: Bernhard von Galen

Bishopric of Cologne → participatedIn → Thirty Years' War ⓘ