Gulf War

E2119

20th-century conflict United States military operation international armed conflict war

The Gulf War was a 1990–1991 conflict in which a U.S.-led coalition expelled Iraqi forces from Kuwait using a brief but intense air and ground campaign.

Aliases (18)

Operation Desert Storm ×11
Iraqi invasion of Kuwait ×6
1990–1991 Gulf War ×2
Gulf War (1990–1991) ×2
1990–1991 Gulf crisis ×1
First Gulf War ×1
Gulf Crisis ×1
Gulf Crisis (1990–1991) ×1
Gulf War (through 11th Marine Regiment) ×1
Gulf War air campaign ×1
Gulf War of 1990–1991 ×1
Gulf crisis (1990–1991) ×1
Iraq–Kuwait War ×1
Iraq–Kuwait conflict ×1
Liberation of Kuwait ×1
Middle East theater during Gulf War ×1
Operation Desert Storm (late stages / post-war deployments) ×1
Persian Gulf War ×1

Statements (97)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	20th-century conflict → United States military operation → international armed conflict → war →
airCampaignStartDate	1991-01-17 →
alsoKnownAs	1990–1991 Gulf War → First Gulf War → Operation Desert Storm → Persian Gulf War →
belligerent	Argentina → Australia → Bahrain → Canada → Egypt → France → Iraq → Italy → Kuwait → Oman → Pakistan → Qatar → Saudi Arabia → Soviet Union (diplomatic support for coalition) → Spain → Syria → United Arab Emirates → United Kingdom → United States →
cause	Iraqi invasion of Kuwait →
characteristic	extensive media coverage → extensive use of precision-guided munitions → large-scale air superiority operations → use of stealth aircraft →
civilianCasualtiesEstimate	thousands →
coalitionLeader	François Mitterrand → George H. W. Bush → John Major → King Fahd of Saudi Arabia →
coalitionMilitaryCasualtiesEstimate	around 300 killed →
coalitionObjective	expel Iraqi forces from Kuwait → protect Saudi Arabia → restore Kuwaiti government →
commandedBy	Colin Powell (U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff) → H. Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. →
conflictType	interstate war →
economicImpact	damage to Kuwaiti oil infrastructure →
endDate	1991-02-28 →
environmentalImpact	large oil spills in the Persian Gulf → smoke from burning oil wells →
followedBy	1991 Iraqi uprisings → 2003 invasion of Iraq (Second Gulf War) → Iraq disarmament crisis of the 1990s → Iraqi no-fly zone enforcement →
groundCampaignDuration	100 hours →
groundCampaignStartDate	1991-02-24 →
IraqiAction	burning Kuwaiti oil wells → launching missiles at Israel → taking foreign hostages →
IraqiLeader	Saddam Hussein →
IraqiMilitaryCasualtiesEstimate	tens of thousands →
IraqiWeaponUsed	Scud missiles → land mines →
legalBasis	United Nations Security Council resolutions →
location	Iraq → Kuwait → Persian Gulf region → Saudi Arabia →
mediaOutlet	CNN →
militaryOperation	Operation Desert Shield → Operation Desert Storm →
notableTechnology	24-hour television news coverage → GPS-guided navigation → satellite reconnaissance →
opponent	Iraq →
partOf	Middle East conflicts → post–Cold War era →
phase	air campaign → ground campaign →
precededBy	Iran–Iraq War →
primaryTheater	Kuwait → Saudi Arabia → southern Iraq →
result	Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait → ceasefire under UN terms → coalition victory → liberation of Kuwait →
significance	demonstrated U.S. military technological superiority → first major post–Cold War conflict → reasserted UN collective security mechanisms →
startDate	1990-08-02 →
startEvent	Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on 1990-08-02 →
UNResolution	UN Security Council Resolution 660 → UN Security Council Resolution 678 → UN Security Council Resolution 687 →
weaponUsed	M1 Abrams tanks → coalition air power → cruise missiles →

Referenced by (280)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
11th Marine Regiment → 1st Battalion, 1st Marines → 1st Battalion, 7th Marines → 1st Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division → 1st Combat Engineer Battalion → 1st Marine Division → 1st Marine Division (United States) → 1st Ranger Battalion → 1st Tank Battalion → 2nd Battalion, 1st Marines → 2nd Battalion, 5th Marines → 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines → 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing → 2nd Marine Division → 2nd Marine Tank Battalion → 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines → 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines → 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing → 7th Marine Regiment → 7th Marine Regiment ("Operation Desert Storm") → 8th Marines → Armed Forces of Turkey → Army Air Corps → Australian Army → British Expeditionary Forces → Egyptian Air Force → I Marine Expeditionary Force → I Marine Expeditionary Force ("Operation Desert Storm") → Int Corps → Iowa-class battleship → Iraq → Iraqi Army → Iraqi Republican Guard → Italian Navy → John W. Raymond → M48 Patton tank → Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 → No. 1 Group RAF → No. 1 Squadron RAF → No. 2 Squadron RAF → No. 3 Squadron RAF → No. 6 Squadron RAF → Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. → Operation Desert Shield → Operation Granby → Peter Harding → RAF Police → RAF Regiment → Royal Air Force → Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve → Royal Armoured Corps → Royal Army Medical Corps → Royal Australian Air Force → Royal Australian Artillery → Royal Canadian Navy → Royal Military Police → Royal New Zealand Air Force → Royal Tank Regiment → Saddam Hussein ("Gulf War (1990–1991)") → Scots Guards → Silver Star → Special Air Service → Special Air Service → Special Boat Service → Strategic Air Command → The Old Breed → Timothy McVeigh → Tommy Franks → Turkish Air Force → U.S. 101st Airborne Division → UN Security Council Resolution 686 → United States Seventh Fleet → V Corps (United States) → Warrior infantry fighting vehicle → Women's Royal Army Corps →	conflict
.50 caliber M2 Browning machine gun → 40 mm Bofors autocannon → AGM-114 Hellfire → AN/MPQ-53 radar → AV-8B Harrier II → BLU-109 → Battle Dress Uniform → Bell UH-1 Iroquois → Boeing AH-64 Apache → Boeing B-52 Stratofortress → CF-18 Hornet → Dassault Mirage 2000 → Dassault-Breguet Super Étendard → Desert Camouflage Uniform → E-3 Sentry → Exocet → F-16 Fighting Falcon → F/A-18 Hornet → FAMAS assault rifle → Humvee → L86 LSW → Light Armored Vehicle-25 → M1 Abrams → M1025 → M1026 → M198 howitzer → M60 Patton → M998 → Marine expeditionary force → Mk 84 bomb → PAC-1 → PAC-2 → Panavia Tornado → Panavia Tornado GR4 → Paveway series guided bombs → R-17 → R-300 Elbrus → RAF Fairford → RAF Tristar → Royal Navy ratings → S-75 Dvina → SA80 assault rifle → Scimitar reconnaissance vehicle → Scud missile → Tomahawk cruise missile → Type 42 destroyer → Westland Lynx →	usedInConflict
Australian Defence Force → Commando Helicopter Force → Irish Guards → Jordanian Armed Forces → Navy SEALs → Royal Corps of Transport → Royal Engineers → Royal Marines Commandos → Royal Regiment of Artillery → Royal Regiment of Artillery → Special Air Service Regiment → Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces → The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers → United Arab Emirates Air Force →	engagement
Bahrain Defence Force → British Army → Fleet Air Arm → French Army → RE → Royal Australian Navy → Saudi Armed Forces → Troupes de marine → United States Armed Forces → United States Army → United States Marine Corps →	engagedIn
All American Division → Egyptian Armed Forces → French Air Force → King Fahd of Saudi Arabia → Kuwait Air Force → Kuwait Army → Kuwait Army ("Iraq–Kuwait War") → Royal Saudi Air Force → USAR →	participatedIn
UN Security Council Resolution 678 → UN Security Council Resolution 678 ("1990–1991 Gulf crisis") → UN Security Council Resolution 687 → United Nations Security Council Resolution 707 → United Nations Security Council Resolution 715 →	conflictContext
1st Marine Regiment → 5th Marine Regiment → U.S. 82nd Airborne Division → U.S. 82nd Airborne Division ("Operation Desert Storm") → USS Missouri →	conflictParticipated
1st Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion → Colin Powell → French Naval Aviation → Grenadier Guards → USS Missouri →	conflictParticipatedIn
Air Force Reserve → British Armed Forces → LAV-AT → Royal Air Force personnel → The Cannon Cockers ("Gulf War (through 11th Marine Regiment)") →	conflictParticipation
Iraq War → Oil-for-Food Programme → UN Security Council Resolution 677 → UN Security Council Resolution 679 → United Nations Security Council Resolution 1194 →	relatedTo
UN Security Council Resolution 660 ("Iraqi invasion of Kuwait") → UN Security Council Resolution 677 ("Gulf crisis (1990–1991)") → UN Security Council Resolution 679 ("Gulf Crisis (1990–1991)") → UN Security Council Resolution 679 ("Iraq–Kuwait conflict") → UN Security Council Resolution 686 →	subject
Andersen Air Force Base ("Operation Desert Storm") → Lockheed P-3 Orion → Lockheed U-2 → Morón Air Base → Nimrod MR2 →	usedDuring
Gulf War ("First Gulf War") → Gulf War ("Persian Gulf War") → Gulf War ("1990–1991 Gulf War") → Gulf War ("Operation Desert Storm") →	alsoKnownAs
Royal Corps of Signals → U.S. Central Command → USASC → United States Army Signal Corps →	conflictInvolved
Lockheed C-130 Hercules → Pacific Air Forces → Royal Air Force units → United States Navy Reserve →	conflictInvolvement
AMRAAM ("Operation Desert Storm (late stages / post-war deployments)") → Mk 83 bomb → Nimitz-class aircraft carrier → SUSAT sight →	usedIn
Navy Distinguished Service Medal → Navy Unit Commendation → Presidential Unit Citation (United States) →	conflictUsage
LAV-L → LAV-M → LAV-R →	conflictUse
1st Marine Division ("Operation Desert Storm") → 1st Marine Division (United States) ("Operation Desert Storm") → The Old Breed ("Operation Desert Storm") →	notableBattle
Patriot missile system → Royal Canadian Navy → United States Navy →	notableConflict
Operation Desert Shield → Operation Desert Storm → Operation Granby ("1990–1991 Gulf War") →	partOf
Air Medal → Distinguished Flying Cross →	campaign
Australian War Memorial → National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific →	commemoratesConflict
Queen’s Royal Hussars → Royal Dragoon Guards →	hasBattleHonoursFrom
United Arab Emirates Armed Forces → United States National Guard →	participatedInConflict
Iraqi no-fly zone enforcement → Operation Desert Shield ("Iraqi invasion of Kuwait") →	precededBy
UN Security Council Resolution 660 → UN Special Commission →	relatedConflict
Battleship Missouri Memorial → USS Missouri →	servedInConflict
Operation Desert Shield ("Iraqi invasion of Kuwait") → Operation Desert Storm ("Iraqi invasion of Kuwait") →	triggeredBy
Iraqi Republican Guard →	activeDuring
Royal Australian Army Medical Corps →	activeIn
United Nations Compensation Commission →	appliesToEvent
Roll of Honour →	associatedWith
Bush →	associatedWithEvent
Distinguished Service Cross →	awardedInConflict
5th Marine Regiment ("Operation Desert Storm") →	battleHonors
Bronze Star Medal →	campaignOrService
Silver Star Medal →	campaigns
Gulf War ("Iraqi invasion of Kuwait") →	cause
Revolutions of 1989 →	chronologicallyPrecedes
UN Security Council Resolution 660 ("Iraqi invasion of Kuwait") →	condemns
Army Valorous Unit Award →	conflictApplicability
MiG-29 →	conflictInWhichUsed
Combat Medical Badge →	conflicts
UN Security Council Resolution 679 ("Gulf Crisis") →	context
John Major: The Autobiography →	describesEvent
Operation Provide Comfort →	follows
Operation Desert Storm ("Gulf War air campaign") →	hasCampaignName
Royal Netherlands Navy →	hasHistoricalConflict
George H.W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum →	hasSubject
Foreign Legion →	historicalConflict
French Foreign Legion →	historicalEngagement
Basra →	historicalEvent
United States Infantry →	historicalInvolvement
Operation Desert Fox →	isRelatedTo
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region ("Gulf War (1990–1991)") →	keyEvent
Saddam Hussein →	knownFor
Dick Cheney →	militaryConflictInvolved
Gulf War ("Operation Desert Storm") →	militaryOperation
Liberation Tower ("Liberation of Kuwait") →	namedAfter
United States Army Rangers ("Operation Desert Storm") →	notableEngagement
United States Marine Corps Reserve →	notableParticipation
Royal Army Medical Corps →	notableTheatre
RGM-109 Tomahawk →	operationalUse
Madrid Conference of 1991 ("Gulf War of 1990–1991") →	organizedInResponseTo
Three Kings →	setInConflict
Military history of the United Kingdom →	significantEvent
Iraq disarmament crisis of the 1990s →	startAfter
Combat Infantryman Badge →	subsequentlyAwardedInConflict
U.S. 101st Airborne Division ("Middle East theater during Gulf War") →	theater
RAF Waddington →	usedDuringConflict