Space Shuttle
E208923
The Space Shuttle was NASA’s reusable spacecraft system used from 1981 to 2011 to carry astronauts and cargo to low Earth orbit, including missions to the International Space Station and the Hubble Space Telescope.
All labels observed (10)
Statements (77)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
NASA space program
ⓘ
crewed spacecraft ⓘ orbital spaceplane ⓘ partially reusable launch system ⓘ |
| abbreviation | STS ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Space Transportation System ⓘ |
| cargoBayDiameter | 4.6 meters ⓘ |
| cargoBayLength | 18.3 meters ⓘ |
| ChallengerDisasterDate | 1986-01-28 ⓘ |
| ColumbiaDisasterDate | 2003-02-01 ⓘ |
| countryOfOperator |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| crewCapacity | up to 7 astronauts ⓘ |
| developedBy |
Rockwell International
ⓘ
United Space Alliance ⓘ |
| firstFlight | STS-1 ⓘ |
| firstFlightDate | 1981-04-12 ⓘ |
| fleetMember |
Space Shuttle Atlantis
ⓘ
Space Shuttle Challenger ⓘ Space Shuttle Columbia ⓘ Space Shuttle Discovery ⓘ Space Shuttle Endeavour ⓘ |
| governingAgency |
Johnson Space Center
ⓘ
surface form:
NASA Johnson Space Center
|
| guidanceControlCenter |
Johnson Space Center
ⓘ
surface form:
Mission Control Center Houston
|
| heatShieldType | thermal protection tiles ⓘ |
| inServiceFrom | 1981 ⓘ |
| inServiceUntil | 2011 ⓘ |
| landingMode | unpowered horizontal landing ⓘ |
| landingSurface | runway ⓘ |
| lastFlight | STS-135 ⓘ |
| lastFlightDate | 2011-07-08 ⓘ |
| launchConfiguration |
external tank
ⓘ
orbiter ⓘ two solid rocket boosters ⓘ |
| launchSite |
Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A
ⓘ
Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39B ⓘ |
| maximumCrew | 8 ⓘ |
| notableAccident |
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
ⓘ
surface form:
Challenger disaster
Columbia disaster ⓘ |
| notableMission |
STS-107 Columbia final mission
ⓘ
STS-135 ⓘ
surface form:
STS-135 final Shuttle mission
STS-31 Hubble deployment ⓘ Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission 1 ⓘ
surface form:
STS-61 Hubble servicing
STS-88 ⓘ
surface form:
STS-88 first ISS assembly flight
|
| operator | NASA ⓘ |
| orbitRegime | low Earth orbit ⓘ |
| primaryMissionType |
cargo transport
ⓘ
crew transport ⓘ low Earth orbit operations ⓘ satellite deployment ⓘ space science missions ⓘ space station assembly ⓘ |
| programStart | 1972 ⓘ |
| propellant |
liquid hydrogen
ⓘ
liquid oxygen ⓘ |
| propulsion | Space Shuttle Main Engines ⓘ |
| retirementReason |
high operating cost
ⓘ
safety concerns ⓘ |
| reusability |
expendable external tank
ⓘ
reusable orbiter ⓘ reusable solid rocket boosters ⓘ |
| solidBoosterPropellant | ammonium perchlorate composite propellant ⓘ |
| status | retired ⓘ |
| successorProgram |
Commercial Crew Program
ⓘ
Orion spacecraft ⓘ
surface form:
Orion spacecraft program
|
| totalAstronautsFlown | over 350 ⓘ |
| totalFlights | 135 ⓘ |
| typicalCrew | 5 ⓘ |
| typicalInclinationRange | 28.5 degrees to 57 degrees ⓘ |
| usedFor |
Department of Defense missions
ⓘ
Hubble Space Telescope deployment ⓘ Hubble Space Telescope servicing ⓘ International Space Station assembly ⓘ International Space Station resupply ⓘ Spacelab missions ⓘ microgravity research ⓘ satellite repair ⓘ satellite retrieval ⓘ |
Referenced by (44)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Space Shuttle stack with External Tank and Solid Rocket Boosters
subject surface form:
Launch Pad 39A
subject surface form:
Launch Pad 39B
subject surface form:
Launch Pad 39A
this entity surface form:
Space Shuttle era
this entity surface form:
NASA Space Shuttle
this entity surface form:
Space Shuttle fleet
subject surface form:
Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications-2
subject surface form:
Space Shuttle Discovery
this entity surface form:
NASA Space Shuttle fleet
this entity surface form:
Space Shuttle (for NASA ISS crew transport role)
this entity surface form:
Space Shuttle (for NASA crewed ISS access)
this entity surface form:
Space Shuttle launches
subject surface form:
Vehicle Assembly Building
subject surface form:
Defense Support Program