Gandhi–Irwin Pact
E16923
The Gandhi–Irwin Pact was a 1931 political agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin that temporarily ended the Civil Disobedience Movement and paved the way for Indian participation in the Second Round Table Conference.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Gandhi–Irwin Pact canonical | 2 |
| Delhi Pact | 1 |
| Gandhi–Irwin Agreement | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T115661 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gandhi–Irwin Pact Context triple: [Civil Disobedience Movement, negotiation, Gandhi–Irwin Pact]
-
A.
Kheda Satyagraha
Kheda Satyagraha was a 1918 nonviolent peasant tax resistance movement in the Kheda district of Gujarat, led by Mahatma Gandhi as an early major campaign in India’s struggle for independence.
-
B.
Quit India movement
The Quit India movement was a mass civil disobedience campaign launched in 1942 demanding an end to British colonial rule in India, led prominently by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress.
-
C.
Salt March
The Salt March was a 1930 nonviolent protest led by Mahatma Gandhi against the British salt monopoly in colonial India, which became a pivotal act of civil disobedience in the Indian independence movement.
-
D.
Champaran Satyagraha
Champaran Satyagraha was a 1917 nonviolent peasant uprising in Bihar led by Mahatma Gandhi against oppressive indigo plantation policies, marking his first major civil disobedience movement in India.
-
E.
Non-Cooperation Movement
The Non-Cooperation Movement was a major mass protest led by Mahatma Gandhi in the early 1920s that mobilized Indians to withdraw from British institutions and boycott colonial rule as part of the struggle for independence.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gandhi–Irwin Pact Target entity description: The Gandhi–Irwin Pact was a 1931 political agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin that temporarily ended the Civil Disobedience Movement and paved the way for Indian participation in the Second Round Table Conference.
-
A.
Kheda Satyagraha
Kheda Satyagraha was a 1918 nonviolent peasant tax resistance movement in the Kheda district of Gujarat, led by Mahatma Gandhi as an early major campaign in India’s struggle for independence.
-
B.
Quit India movement
The Quit India movement was a mass civil disobedience campaign launched in 1942 demanding an end to British colonial rule in India, led prominently by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress.
-
C.
Salt March
The Salt March was a 1930 nonviolent protest led by Mahatma Gandhi against the British salt monopoly in colonial India, which became a pivotal act of civil disobedience in the Indian independence movement.
-
D.
Champaran Satyagraha
Champaran Satyagraha was a 1917 nonviolent peasant uprising in Bihar led by Mahatma Gandhi against oppressive indigo plantation policies, marking his first major civil disobedience movement in India.
-
E.
Non-Cooperation Movement
The Non-Cooperation Movement was a major mass protest led by Mahatma Gandhi in the early 1920s that mobilized Indians to withdraw from British institutions and boycott colonial rule as part of the struggle for independence.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
pact
ⓘ
political agreement ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Gandhi–Irwin Pact
ⓘ
surface form:
Delhi Pact
Gandhi–Irwin Pact ⓘ
surface form:
Gandhi–Irwin Agreement
|
| condition |
Congress to participate in the Second Round Table Conference
ⓘ
Congress to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement ⓘ permission for peaceful picketing of liquor and foreign cloth shops ⓘ release of political prisoners not convicted of violence ⓘ remission of fines not yet collected ⓘ return of confiscated property not yet sold ⓘ withdrawal of ordinances restricting civil liberties ⓘ |
| context |
Civil Disobedience Movement
ⓘ
Indian independence movement ⓘ |
| country | British India ⓘ |
| dateSigned | 1931-03-05 ⓘ |
| excludedFromAmnesty | persons convicted of violent offences ⓘ |
| followedBy |
Round Table Conferences
ⓘ
surface form:
Second Round Table Conference
|
| governmentRepresentedBy |
UK government
ⓘ
surface form:
British Government
|
| impact |
strengthened Gandhi’s position as principal negotiator for Indian nationalism
ⓘ
temporarily reduced political repression in British India ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| legalStatus | informal political agreement ⓘ |
| location |
New Delhi, India
ⓘ
surface form:
New Delhi
|
| mainParticipants |
British India
ⓘ
surface form:
British Government in India
Indian National Congress ⓘ |
| movementRepresentedBy | Indian National Congress ⓘ |
| negotiatedBy |
Lord Irwin
ⓘ
Mahatma Gandhi ⓘ |
| partOf | constitutional negotiations on India’s future ⓘ |
| politicalSignificance |
marked a truce between Congress and British Government in 1931
ⓘ
recognized the Indian National Congress as a major negotiating party ⓘ |
| precededBy | Civil Disobedience Movement ⓘ |
| purpose | to create conditions for political negotiations between Congress and British Government ⓘ |
| relatedEvent |
Round Table Conferences
ⓘ
surface form:
First Round Table Conference
Salt March ⓘ Round Table Conferences ⓘ
surface form:
Second Round Table Conference
|
| result |
participation of Indian National Congress in Second Round Table Conference
ⓘ
temporary suspension of Civil Disobedience Movement ⓘ |
| signatory |
Lord Irwin
ⓘ
Mahatma Gandhi ⓘ |
| signatoryRole |
Viceroy of India
ⓘ
leader of the Indian National Congress ⓘ |
| signedByTitleOfIrwin |
Charles Montagu
ⓘ
surface form:
1st Earl of Halifax
|
| subjectOf |
debates within the Indian National Congress
ⓘ
historical studies on Indian independence movement ⓘ |
| year | 1931 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Gandhi–Irwin Pact Description of subject: The Gandhi–Irwin Pact was a 1931 political agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin that temporarily ended the Civil Disobedience Movement and paved the way for Indian participation in the Second Round Table Conference.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Delhi Pact
this entity surface form:
Gandhi–Irwin Agreement