Julian calendar
E15636
The Julian calendar is an ancient solar calendar introduced by Julius Caesar in 45 BCE, historically used throughout Europe and still employed by some Eastern Christian churches for liturgical purposes.
All labels observed (21)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T133603 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Julian calendar Context triple: [Good Friday, calendar, Julian calendar]
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A.
Gregorian calendar (Western churches)
The Gregorian calendar (Western churches) is the internationally used solar dating system introduced in 1582 that most Western Christian churches follow for determining liturgical dates and feasts.
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B.
Metonic cycle
The Metonic cycle is a 19-year astronomical period after which the phases of the Moon recur on the same days of the solar year, forming the basis for many lunisolar calendars.
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C.
Hebrew calendar
The Hebrew calendar is a lunisolar calendar used primarily for Jewish religious observances, holidays, and the determination of ceremonial dates.
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D.
Diocletian's Tetrarchy
Diocletian's Tetrarchy was a late 3rd-century system of rule that divided imperial authority among four co-emperors to stabilize and more effectively govern the Roman Empire.
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E.
Paschal cycle
The Paschal cycle is the sequence of movable feasts and liturgical observances in the Christian calendar that are determined each year in relation to the date of Easter.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Julian calendar Target entity description: The Julian calendar is an ancient solar calendar introduced by Julius Caesar in 45 BCE, historically used throughout Europe and still employed by some Eastern Christian churches for liturgical purposes.
-
A.
Gregorian calendar (Western churches)
The Gregorian calendar (Western churches) is the internationally used solar dating system introduced in 1582 that most Western Christian churches follow for determining liturgical dates and feasts.
-
B.
Metonic cycle
The Metonic cycle is a 19-year astronomical period after which the phases of the Moon recur on the same days of the solar year, forming the basis for many lunisolar calendars.
-
C.
Hebrew calendar
The Hebrew calendar is a lunisolar calendar used primarily for Jewish religious observances, holidays, and the determination of ceremonial dates.
-
D.
Diocletian's Tetrarchy
Diocletian's Tetrarchy was a late 3rd-century system of rule that divided imperial authority among four co-emperors to stabilize and more effectively govern the Roman Empire.
-
E.
Paschal cycle
The Paschal cycle is the sequence of movable feasts and liturgical observances in the Christian calendar that are determined each year in relation to the date of Easter.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (54)
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Julian calendar Description of subject: The Julian calendar is an ancient solar calendar introduced by Julius Caesar in 45 BCE, historically used throughout Europe and still employed by some Eastern Christian churches for liturgical purposes.
Referenced by (99)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (for liturgical purposes in many cases)
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (Old Calendar) in some churches
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (for liturgical purposes in many parishes)
subject surface form:
Montenegro and the Littoral
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (liturgical)
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (for some feasts)
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (Old Style)
subject surface form:
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (historically)
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (in liturgical practice, at least in part)
subject surface form:
Thursday
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (liturgical)
this entity surface form:
Julian calendar (in some churches)