Sad
E154862
Sad is a single Arabic letter that appears as a disjointed opening character at the beginning of certain chapters (surahs) of the Qur’an, traditionally regarded as one of the mysterious "muqattaʿat" letters.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Sad canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1353029 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sad Context triple: [Surah Al-A'raf, openingLetters, Sad]
-
A.
Sorrow
Sorrow is a character in Toni Morrison's novel "A Mercy," known as a troubled young woman whose traumatic past and evolving identity reflect the book’s themes of loss, memory, and belonging.
-
B.
So Emotional
"So Emotional" is a 1987 dance-pop song by Whitney Houston that became one of her number-one hits on the Billboard Hot 100.
-
C.
Lament
"Lament" is a track from the album *Voice of the Xtabay*, showcasing Yma Sumac’s dramatic vocal style and exotic orchestral arrangements.
-
D.
Hopeless
"Hopeless" is a 1963 pop art painting by Roy Lichtenstein that depicts a tearful, comic-book-style woman in a melodramatic, romantic crisis.
-
E.
Ill
The Ill is a river in northeastern France that flows through the Alsace region, including the city of Strasbourg, before joining the Rhine.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sad Target entity description: Sad is a single Arabic letter that appears as a disjointed opening character at the beginning of certain chapters (surahs) of the Qur’an, traditionally regarded as one of the mysterious "muqattaʿat" letters.
-
A.
Sorrow
Sorrow is a character in Toni Morrison's novel "A Mercy," known as a troubled young woman whose traumatic past and evolving identity reflect the book’s themes of loss, memory, and belonging.
-
B.
So Emotional
"So Emotional" is a 1987 dance-pop song by Whitney Houston that became one of her number-one hits on the Billboard Hot 100.
-
C.
Lament
"Lament" is a track from the album *Voice of the Xtabay*, showcasing Yma Sumac’s dramatic vocal style and exotic orchestral arrangements.
-
D.
Hopeless
"Hopeless" is a 1963 pop art painting by Roy Lichtenstein that depicts a tearful, comic-book-style woman in a melodramatic, romantic crisis.
-
E.
Ill
The Ill is a river in northeastern France that flows through the Alsace region, including the city of Strasbourg, before joining the Rhine.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (42)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Arabic letter
ⓘ
Qur’anic disjointed letter ⓘ muqattaʿat letter ⓘ |
| abjadNumericalValue | 90 ⓘ |
| alphabetPosition | 14th letter of the Arabic alphabet ⓘ |
| appearsAsMuqattaʿatIn |
Surah Sad
ⓘ
surface form:
Surah Ṣād (Qur’an 38)
|
| appearsIn | Qur’anic orthography ⓘ |
| associatedWithConcept | mysterious letters (ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt) ⓘ |
| calligraphicUse | Arabic calligraphy ⓘ |
| category | consonant letter ⓘ |
| encodingStandard | included in Unicode Arabic block ⓘ |
| graphemicFeature | has distinctive looped shape with tooth-like projection ⓘ |
| ISO15924 |
Arabic
ⓘ
surface form:
Arab
|
| mannerOfArticulation | fricative ⓘ |
| muqattaʿatForm | single disjointed letter ⓘ |
| muqattaʿatPosition | opening of Surah Ṣād ⓘ |
| nameInArabic | صاد ⓘ |
| orthographicCategory | sun letter in Arabic orthography ⓘ |
| phoneticValue | /sˤ/ ⓘ |
| placeOfArticulation | alveolar ⓘ |
| relatedLetter | Sīn ⓘ |
| religiousContext |
Islamic exegesis
ⓘ
Qur’an recitation ⓘ |
| script | Arabic script ⓘ |
| scriptFamily | Abjad ⓘ |
| scriptUsage |
used in classical Arabic manuscripts
ⓘ
used in modern standard Arabic writing ⓘ |
| secondaryArticulation | pharyngealized ⓘ |
| transliteration | Ṣād ⓘ |
| type | emphatic consonant ⓘ |
| UnicodeCodePoint | U+0635 ⓘ |
| UnicodeName | ARABIC LETTER SAD ⓘ |
| usedInLanguage |
Arabic
ⓘ
Kurdish (Arabic script varieties) ⓘ Pashto language ⓘ
surface form:
Pashto
Persian ⓘ Urdu language ⓘ
surface form:
Urdu
|
| writingDirection | right-to-left ⓘ |
| writingForm |
final form
ⓘ
initial form ⓘ isolated form ⓘ medial form ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Sad Description of subject: Sad is a single Arabic letter that appears as a disjointed opening character at the beginning of certain chapters (surahs) of the Qur’an, traditionally regarded as one of the mysterious "muqattaʿat" letters.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.