Convention of Peking
E143324
The Convention of Peking was an 1860 series of unequal treaties between Qing China and Western powers that concluded the Second Opium War and ceded territory and major concessions to Britain, France, and Russia.
All labels observed (15)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1226947 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Convention of Peking Context triple: [Second Opium War, result, Convention of Peking]
-
A.
Treaty of Tientsin
The Treaty of Tientsin was an 1858 agreement that forced Qing China to grant Western powers expanded trade rights, legal privileges, and the opening of additional ports, significantly increasing foreign influence in China.
-
B.
Treaty of Nanking
The Treaty of Nanking was the 1842 agreement that ended the First Opium War between Britain and China, forcing the Qing dynasty to cede Hong Kong Island and grant significant trade and legal concessions to the British.
-
C.
Treaty of Shimonoseki
The Treaty of Shimonoseki was an 1895 peace agreement between Qing China and Japan that ended the First Sino-Japanese War and marked Japan’s emergence as a major imperial power in East Asia.
-
D.
Nine-Power Treaty
The Nine-Power Treaty was a 1922 international agreement in which major powers affirmed China's sovereignty and the Open Door policy, aiming to limit imperialist encroachments in East Asia.
-
E.
British concession in Canton
The British concession in Canton was a foreign-controlled enclave in Guangzhou, China, established in the 19th century as part of the treaty port system that facilitated British trade and extraterritorial rights.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Convention of Peking Target entity description: The Convention of Peking was an 1860 series of unequal treaties between Qing China and Western powers that concluded the Second Opium War and ceded territory and major concessions to Britain, France, and Russia.
-
A.
Treaty of Tientsin
The Treaty of Tientsin was an 1858 agreement that forced Qing China to grant Western powers expanded trade rights, legal privileges, and the opening of additional ports, significantly increasing foreign influence in China.
-
B.
Treaty of Nanking
The Treaty of Nanking was the 1842 agreement that ended the First Opium War between Britain and China, forcing the Qing dynasty to cede Hong Kong Island and grant significant trade and legal concessions to the British.
-
C.
Treaty of Shimonoseki
The Treaty of Shimonoseki was an 1895 peace agreement between Qing China and Japan that ended the First Sino-Japanese War and marked Japan’s emergence as a major imperial power in East Asia.
-
D.
Nine-Power Treaty
The Nine-Power Treaty was a 1922 international agreement in which major powers affirmed China's sovereignty and the Open Door policy, aiming to limit imperialist encroachments in East Asia.
-
E.
British concession in Canton
The British concession in Canton was a foreign-controlled enclave in Guangzhou, China, established in the 19th century as part of the treaty port system that facilitated British trade and extraterritorial rights.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
historical event
ⓘ
international treaty ⓘ unequal treaty ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Convention of Peking
ⓘ
surface form:
Beijing Convention
Convention of Peking ⓘ
surface form:
Peking Convention
|
| category |
Treaties of the Qing dynasty
ⓘ
Treaties of the Russian Empire ⓘ Treaties of France ⓘ
surface form:
Treaties of the Second French Empire
Treaties of the United Kingdom ⓘ |
| concludedIn | 1860 ⓘ |
| ended |
Opium Wars
ⓘ
surface form:
Second Opium War
|
| hasConsequence |
Russian access to the Sea of Japan
ⓘ
expansion of British Hong Kong ⓘ further erosion of Qing sovereignty ⓘ |
| hasPart |
Convention of Peking
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Anglo-Chinese Convention of Peking
Convention of Peking self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Franco-Chinese Convention of Peking
Convention of Peking self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Russo-Chinese Convention of Peking
|
| historicalContext |
Opium Wars
ⓘ
Western imperialism in China ⓘ |
| implements |
Treaty of Tientsin
ⓘ
surface form:
Treaty of Tientsin (1858)
|
| legalStatus | unequal treaty imposed on Qing China ⓘ |
| locationAffected |
Kowloon
ⓘ
surface form:
Kowloon Peninsula
Russia Far East ⓘ
surface form:
Outer Manchuria
Khabarovsk Krai ⓘ
surface form:
Ussuri krai
|
| partOf |
Opium Wars
ⓘ
surface form:
Second Opium War
|
| precedes |
Convention of Chefoo
ⓘ
Treaty of Tientsin implementation ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Treaty of Nanking
ⓘ
Treaty of Tientsin ⓘ |
| resultedIn |
cession of Kowloon Peninsula south of Boundary Street to the United Kingdom
ⓘ
cession of Stonecutters Island to the United Kingdom ⓘ cession of part of Outer Manchuria to the Russian Empire ⓘ cession of territory east of the Ussuri River to the Russian Empire ⓘ granting of religious freedom to Christians in China ⓘ increased extraterritorial rights for Western powers in China ⓘ indemnity payments by Qing China to Britain and France ⓘ legalization of opium importation into China ⓘ opening of additional Chinese ports to foreign trade ⓘ permission for Christian missionary activity in the Chinese interior ⓘ stationing of foreign legations in Peking ⓘ |
| signatory |
France
ⓘ
Qing dynasty ⓘ
surface form:
Qing China
Qing dynasty ⓘ Russian Empire ⓘ United Kingdom ⓘ |
| signedIn |
Beijing
ⓘ
Beijing ⓘ
surface form:
Peking
|
| timePeriod | 19th century ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Convention of Peking Description of subject: The Convention of Peking was an 1860 series of unequal treaties between Qing China and Western powers that concluded the Second Opium War and ceded territory and major concessions to Britain, France, and Russia.
Referenced by (22)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Second Opium War
this entity surface form:
Convention of Peking 1860
this entity surface form:
Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory and related agreements
this entity surface form:
Treaty of Peking (1860)
this entity surface form:
Peking Convention
this entity surface form:
Beijing Convention
this entity surface form:
Anglo-Chinese Convention of Peking
this entity surface form:
Franco-Chinese Convention of Peking
this entity surface form:
Russo-Chinese Convention of Peking
this entity surface form:
Convention of Beijing (1860)
this entity surface form:
Second Convention of Peking
this entity surface form:
Second Peking Convention
this entity surface form:
Convention of Peking (1860)
subject surface form:
Li Hongzhang
this entity surface form:
Convention of Beijing (various agreements)
this entity surface form:
Treaty of Beijing (1860)