Great Depression
E137
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic downturn during the 1930s that led to massive unemployment, bank failures, and profound social and political change.
All labels observed (17)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1858 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Great Depression Context triple: [Franklin D. Roosevelt, notableEvent, Great Depression]
-
A.
Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan was a massive U.S.-led economic aid program launched after World War II to rebuild and stabilize war-torn European countries and contain the spread of communism.
-
B.
World War II
World War II was a global conflict from 1939 to 1945 involving most of the world’s nations, marked by unprecedented destruction, the Holocaust, and the use of atomic weapons, and resulting in a major reshaping of the international order.
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C.
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover was the 31st president of the United States, known for his humanitarian relief efforts during and after World War I and for leading the country at the onset of the Great Depression.
-
D.
US dollar
The US dollar is the official currency of the United States and the world’s primary reserve currency used widely in global trade and finance.
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E.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32nd president of the United States, who led the nation through the Great Depression and most of World War II and implemented the transformative New Deal reforms.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Great Depression Target entity description: The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic downturn during the 1930s that led to massive unemployment, bank failures, and profound social and political change.
-
A.
Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan was a massive U.S.-led economic aid program launched after World War II to rebuild and stabilize war-torn European countries and contain the spread of communism.
-
B.
World War II
World War II was a global conflict from 1939 to 1945 involving most of the world’s nations, marked by unprecedented destruction, the Holocaust, and the use of atomic weapons, and resulting in a major reshaping of the international order.
-
C.
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover was the 31st president of the United States, known for his humanitarian relief efforts during and after World War I and for leading the country at the onset of the Great Depression.
-
D.
US dollar
The US dollar is the official currency of the United States and the world’s primary reserve currency used widely in global trade and finance.
-
E.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32nd president of the United States, who led the nation through the Great Depression and most of World War II and implemented the transformative New Deal reforms.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (97)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
economic depression
ⓘ
financial crisis ⓘ historical event ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Great Depression
ⓘ
surface form:
Great Slump
|
| cause |
1929 Wall Street Crash
ⓘ
banking crises ⓘ collapse of international trade ⓘ deflationary monetary policy ⓘ gold standard constraints ⓘ overproduction in industry and agriculture ⓘ stock market speculation bubble ⓘ unequal income distribution ⓘ |
| effect |
bank failures
ⓘ
business bankruptcies ⓘ changes in macroeconomic theory ⓘ collapse of world trade ⓘ decline in birth rates ⓘ decline in international investment ⓘ deflation ⓘ expansion of welfare state policies ⓘ falling industrial output ⓘ farm foreclosures ⓘ growth of Keynesian economics ⓘ homelessness ⓘ mass unemployment ⓘ political instability ⓘ rise of extremist political movements ⓘ social unrest ⓘ strengthening of government economic regulation ⓘ widespread poverty ⓘ |
| fieldOfStudy |
economic history
ⓘ
macroeconomics ⓘ political history ⓘ |
| followedBy | World War II economic mobilization ⓘ |
| hasConsequence |
changes in labor laws
ⓘ
creation of deposit insurance in several countries ⓘ development of macroeconomic stabilization policies ⓘ expansion of central bank roles ⓘ growth of social safety nets ⓘ increased government intervention in economy ⓘ influence on creation of International Monetary Fund ⓘ influence on creation of World Bank ⓘ influence on economic policy during later recessions ⓘ influence on postwar Bretton Woods system ⓘ reform of banking systems ⓘ rise of welfare capitalism ⓘ shift in political alignments in United States ⓘ strengthening of labor unions ⓘ |
| hasEndTime |
early 1940s
ⓘ
late 1930s ⓘ |
| hasKeyEvent |
Glass–Steagall Act
ⓘ
surface form:
Banking Act of 1933
Dust Bowl ⓘ New Deal ⓘ
surface form:
First New Deal
Glass–Steagall Act ⓘ London Economic Conference ⓘ New Deal ⓘ Ottawa Agreements ⓘ Reconstruction Finance Corporation creation ⓘ New Deal ⓘ
surface form:
Second New Deal
Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act ⓘ Social Security Act of 1935 ⓘ U.S. Securities Act of 1933 ⓘ U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ⓘ National Labor Relations Act ⓘ
surface form:
Wagner Act
abandonment of gold standard by United Kingdom ⓘ abandonment of gold standard by United States ⓘ bank holiday of 1933 ⓘ creation of Securities and Exchange Commission ⓘ currency devaluations ⓘ establishment of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ⓘ formation of Popular Front governments in Europe ⓘ rise of Nazi Party in Germany ⓘ rise of protectionist trade policies ⓘ |
| hasKeyFigure |
Adolf Hitler
ⓘ
Benito Mussolini ⓘ President Franklin D. Roosevelt ⓘ
surface form:
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Herbert Hoover ⓘ John Maynard Keynes ⓘ Winston Churchill ⓘ |
| hasLocation |
Australia
ⓘ
Canada ⓘ France ⓘ Germany ⓘ Latin America ⓘ United Kingdom ⓘ worldwide ⓘ |
| hasMainLocation |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| hasNotableAspect |
Hoovervilles shantytowns in United States
ⓘ
breadlines and soup kitchens ⓘ collapse of commodity prices ⓘ cultural depictions in literature and film ⓘ migration from rural to urban areas ⓘ sharp decline in GDP ⓘ unemployment rates above 20 percent in many countries ⓘ |
| hasStartTime | 1929 ⓘ |
| precededBy | Roaring Twenties ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 1930s ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Great Depression Description of subject: The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic downturn during the 1930s that led to massive unemployment, bank failures, and profound social and political change.
Referenced by (459)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Great Depression in the United States
subject surface form:
Let's Face the Music and Dance
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era
Figures on the facade of the Pacific Coast Stock Exchange, San Francisco
→
significantPeriod
→
Great Depression
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era
this entity surface form:
Great Depression in Germany
this entity surface form:
Great Depression in the United States
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era
this entity surface form:
The Great Depression
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era
subject surface form:
1933–1934 Chicago World's Fair
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era
subject surface form:
Crime of the Century (Lindbergh kidnapping)
this entity surface form:
Great Depression era United States
subject surface form:
Essays on the Great Depression
this entity surface form:
Great Depression in the United States