United States courts of appeals
E1207
The United States courts of appeals are the federal intermediate appellate courts that review decisions from district courts and federal agencies before potential review by the Supreme Court.
All labels observed (18)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T16913 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: United States courts of appeals Context triple: [Supreme Court of the United States, appealsFrom, United States courts of appeals]
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A.
Supreme Court and lower courts
The Supreme Court and lower courts in Japan together constitute the nation’s independent judiciary, responsible for interpreting the constitution, applying laws, and resolving legal disputes.
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B.
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest federal court in the U.S. judiciary, serving as the final arbiter of constitutional and federal law.
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C.
Judiciary of Japan
The Judiciary of Japan is the independent court system headed by the Supreme Court that interprets and applies Japanese law, including the constitution, civil, and criminal statutes.
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D.
Supreme Court of Puerto Rico
The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico is the highest judicial authority in Puerto Rico, responsible for interpreting the territory’s constitution and laws and overseeing its court system.
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E.
Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court is the highest appellate court in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, serving as its court of last resort and one of the oldest continuously functioning appellate courts in the United States.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: United States courts of appeals Target entity description: The United States courts of appeals are the federal intermediate appellate courts that review decisions from district courts and federal agencies before potential review by the Supreme Court.
-
A.
Supreme Court and lower courts
The Supreme Court and lower courts in Japan together constitute the nation’s independent judiciary, responsible for interpreting the constitution, applying laws, and resolving legal disputes.
-
B.
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest federal court in the U.S. judiciary, serving as the final arbiter of constitutional and federal law.
-
C.
Judiciary of Japan
The Judiciary of Japan is the independent court system headed by the Supreme Court that interprets and applies Japanese law, including the constitution, civil, and criminal statutes.
-
D.
Supreme Court of Puerto Rico
The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico is the highest judicial authority in Puerto Rico, responsible for interpreting the territory’s constitution and laws and overseeing its court system.
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E.
Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court is the highest appellate court in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, serving as its court of last resort and one of the oldest continuously functioning appellate courts in the United States.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: United States courts of appeals Description of subject: The United States courts of appeals are the federal intermediate appellate courts that review decisions from district courts and federal agencies before potential review by the Supreme Court.
Referenced by (116)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
U.S. courts of appeals
this entity surface form:
United States court of appeals for the relevant circuit
Public Access to Court Electronic Records (PACER)
→
coversCourtType
→
United States courts of appeals
ⓘ
subject surface form:
PACER
this entity surface form:
U.S. courts of appeals
the United States from providing security in some circumstances
→
interpretedBy
→
United States courts of appeals
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
United States Courts of Appeals
United States circuit courts (old trial-level circuit courts)
→
jurisdictionTransferredTo
→
United States courts of appeals
ⓘ
United States circuit courts (old trial-level circuit courts)
→
replacedBy
→
United States courts of appeals
ⓘ
United States circuit courts (old trial-level circuit courts)
→
distinctFrom
→
United States courts of appeals
ⓘ
Rule 4(m) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
→
interpretedBy
→
United States courts of appeals
ⓘ