Triple

T5427146
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Gravitation (with Charles Misner and Kip Thorne) E121389 entity
Predicate covers P1393 FINISHED
Object Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmological models E1311 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmological models | Statement: [Gravitation (with Charles Misner and Kip Thorne), covers, Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmological models]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmological models
Context triple: [Gravitation (with Charles Misner and Kip Thorne), covers, Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmological models]
  • A. FLRW cosmological models chosen
    FLRW cosmological models are a family of solutions to Einstein’s field equations that describe a homogeneous and isotropic expanding or contracting universe, forming the standard framework for modern cosmology.
  • B. American school of relativistic cosmology
    The American school of relativistic cosmology was a mid-20th-century research tradition in the United States that advanced the mathematical and physical foundations of general relativity and modern cosmology through the work of theorists such as Howard P. Robertson.
  • C. Newtonian gravitational cosmology
    Newtonian gravitational cosmology is a classical framework that applies Newton’s law of universal gravitation to model the large-scale structure, dynamics, and evolution of the universe before the advent of general relativity.
  • D. Bianchi type cosmologies
    Bianchi type cosmologies are a class of spatially homogeneous but generally anisotropic cosmological models that classify possible three-dimensional Lie group symmetries of spacetime in general relativity.
  • E. The Expanding Universe
    "The Expanding Universe" is a chapter in Stephen Hawking’s popular science book *A Brief History of Time* that explains how observations and cosmological theory reveal that the universe is growing larger over time.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd463c65f0819082ee6483ab4b466a completed March 20, 2026, 1:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd8817a2048190a76805da03cfa09b completed March 20, 2026, 5:47 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bf3abfc7e88190b8f0a31b61c33973 completed March 22, 2026, 12:41 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 2:06 p.m.