Triple
T4021327
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Google Scholar |
E91284
|
entity |
| Predicate | supportsCitationFormats |
P30925
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
RefMan
RefMan is a bibliographic reference management file format used for exporting and importing citation data between academic databases and reference management software.
|
E407018
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: RefMan | Statement: [Google Scholar, supportsCitationFormats, RefMan]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: RefMan Context triple: [Google Scholar, supportsCitationFormats, RefMan]
-
A.
REFER
REFER was Portugal’s former state-owned rail infrastructure company responsible for managing and maintaining the national railway network before its merger into Infraestruturas de Portugal.
-
B.
RDA
RDA (Resource Description and Access) is a modern international cataloguing standard used by libraries to describe and provide access to information resources in both digital and physical formats.
-
C.
Rehberge
Rehberge is a Berlin U-Bahn station on line U6 serving the Wedding district in the northwestern part of the city.
-
D.
REN
REN is a blockchain-based project and protocol focused on enabling cross-chain liquidity and interoperability between different cryptocurrency networks.
-
E.
BIBFRAME
BIBFRAME (Bibliographic Framework) is a linked data model and standard developed by the Library of Congress to replace MARC for describing and sharing bibliographic information on the web.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: RefMan Triple: [Google Scholar, supportsCitationFormats, RefMan]
Generated description
RefMan is a bibliographic reference management file format used for exporting and importing citation data between academic databases and reference management software.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: RefMan Target entity description: RefMan is a bibliographic reference management file format used for exporting and importing citation data between academic databases and reference management software.
-
A.
REFER
REFER was Portugal’s former state-owned rail infrastructure company responsible for managing and maintaining the national railway network before its merger into Infraestruturas de Portugal.
-
B.
RDA
RDA (Resource Description and Access) is a modern international cataloguing standard used by libraries to describe and provide access to information resources in both digital and physical formats.
-
C.
Rehberge
Rehberge is a Berlin U-Bahn station on line U6 serving the Wedding district in the northwestern part of the city.
-
D.
REN
REN is a blockchain-based project and protocol focused on enabling cross-chain liquidity and interoperability between different cryptocurrency networks.
-
E.
BIBFRAME
BIBFRAME (Bibliographic Framework) is a linked data model and standard developed by the Library of Congress to replace MARC for describing and sharing bibliographic information on the web.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69aed9618b04819081750d979d2af098 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69af01994b0c8190b34af36acadad5c6 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 5:21 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b54c7fd474819097766194ca8d165d |
completed | March 14, 2026, 11:54 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b54dd51ef48190974bb190d32016bc |
completed | March 14, 2026, noon |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b54e498320819088fea96b83564c69 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 12:02 p.m. |
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:35 p.m.