Triple

T13566287
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Michael Abrash E324042 entity
Predicate notablePublication P4 FINISHED
Object The Graphics Programming Black Book: Special Edition E1046293 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The Graphics Programming Black Book: Special Edition | Statement: [Michael Abrash, notablePublication, The Graphics Programming Black Book: Special Edition]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: The Graphics Programming Black Book: Special Edition
Context triple: [Michael Abrash, notablePublication, The Graphics Programming Black Book: Special Edition]
  • A. The Graphics Programming Black Book chosen
    The Graphics Programming Black Book is a highly regarded collection of Michael Abrash’s writings on low-level graphics, performance optimization, and game programming, especially in the DOS and early PC era.
  • B. Zen of Graphics Programming
    Zen of Graphics Programming is a highly regarded book by Michael Abrash that delves into low-level graphics techniques and performance optimization for game and graphics programmers.
  • C. Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice
    Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice is a foundational textbook that comprehensively covers the theory and algorithms underlying modern computer graphics.
  • D. Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics
    Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics is a foundational textbook that introduces the principles, algorithms, and techniques underlying modern computer graphics and interactive visual systems.
  • E. Borland graphics interface (BGI) libraries
    The Borland Graphics Interface (BGI) libraries are a set of graphics routines provided by Borland compilers that allow DOS-based programs to draw shapes, text, and images in various video modes without requiring low-level hardware programming.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8076830b48190910a902bae5888e2 completed April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69dbb00cecd48190a9a2caff3d424817 completed April 12, 2026, 2:45 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f76bb3d77c8190a7af2ee7e9b6748a completed May 3, 2026, 3:37 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:48 p.m.