James Black
E99453
James Black was a Scottish pharmacologist and Nobel laureate renowned for developing the first beta-blocker and the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine, revolutionizing cardiovascular and ulcer treatment.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| James Black canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T274152 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: James Black Context triple: [Black, hasNotableBearer, James Black]
-
A.
Adam Black
Adam Black is a Scottish publisher and politician best known for founding the publishing firm A & C Black, which published notable works including the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
-
B.
Jay Blackton
Jay Blackton was an American conductor and musical director best known for his work on classic Broadway and film musicals in the mid-20th century.
-
C.
Allan Black
Allan Black is a notable individual distinguished enough in his field or public life to be specifically recognized by the surname Black.
-
D.
George Black
George Black is a relatively common personal name shared by multiple notable individuals across fields such as politics, business, and the arts.
-
E.
Mick Jackson
Mick Jackson is a British film and television director best known for helming the hit romantic thriller "The Bodyguard" (1992) starring Kevin Costner and Whitney Houston.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: James Black Target entity description: James Black was a Scottish pharmacologist and Nobel laureate renowned for developing the first beta-blocker and the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine, revolutionizing cardiovascular and ulcer treatment.
-
A.
Adam Black
Adam Black is a Scottish publisher and politician best known for founding the publishing firm A & C Black, which published notable works including the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
-
B.
Jay Blackton
Jay Blackton was an American conductor and musical director best known for his work on classic Broadway and film musicals in the mid-20th century.
-
C.
Allan Black
Allan Black is a notable individual distinguished enough in his field or public life to be specifically recognized by the surname Black.
-
D.
George Black
George Black is a relatively common personal name shared by multiple notable individuals across fields such as politics, business, and the arts.
-
E.
Mick Jackson
Mick Jackson is a British film and television director best known for helming the hit romantic thriller "The Bodyguard" (1992) starring Kevin Costner and Whitney Houston.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (32)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Nobel laureate
ⓘ
human ⓘ pharmacologist ⓘ |
| approach | receptor-based drug design ⓘ |
| awardReceived |
Knight Bachelor
ⓘ
Lasker Award ⓘ Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ⓘ Order of Merit ⓘ |
| contributedTo |
treatment of angina pectoris
ⓘ
treatment of hypertension ⓘ treatment of peptic ulcer disease ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | United Kingdom ⓘ |
| developed |
H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine
ⓘ
first clinically useful beta-blocker ⓘ |
| employer |
academic institutions
ⓘ
pharmaceutical industry ⓘ |
| familyName | Black ⓘ |
| fieldOfWork |
drug development
ⓘ
pharmacology ⓘ |
| givenName | James ⓘ |
| hasOccupation |
pharmacologist
ⓘ
university professor ⓘ |
| influenced |
modern cardiovascular pharmacotherapy
ⓘ
rational drug design ⓘ |
| knownFor |
pioneering beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in clinical medicine
ⓘ
revolutionizing cardiovascular disease treatment ⓘ revolutionizing peptic ulcer treatment ⓘ |
| languageOfWorkOrName | English ⓘ |
| name | James Black self-link ⓘ |
| nationality | Scottish ⓘ |
| notableWork |
development of the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine
ⓘ
development of the first beta-blocker ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: James Black Description of subject: James Black was a Scottish pharmacologist and Nobel laureate renowned for developing the first beta-blocker and the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine, revolutionizing cardiovascular and ulcer treatment.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.