Mark preserves material from both Matthew and Luke
E907370
The Augustinian hypothesis is a theory of the Synoptic Gospels’ literary relationship that places Matthew first, Luke second, and regards Mark as a later Gospel drawing on both of them.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Mark preserves material from both Matthew and Luke canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11129315 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Mark preserves material from both Matthew and Luke Context triple: [Augustinian hypothesis, implies, Mark preserves material from both Matthew and Luke]
-
A.
Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel of Matthew is a New Testament book that presents an account of Jesus Christ’s life, teachings, death, and resurrection, emphasizing his role as the Jewish Messiah and fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy.
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B.
Commentary on Matthew
Commentary on Matthew is an early Christian exegetical work offering theological and pastoral interpretation of the Gospel of Matthew, traditionally attributed to the 4th-century bishop Hilary of Poitiers.
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C.
Commentary on Matthew
Commentary on Matthew is an early Christian exegetical work by Origen that offers one of the first extensive theological and allegorical interpretations of the Gospel of Matthew.
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D.
Commentary on Matthew
Commentary on Matthew is a significant early Christian exegetical work by Jerome that offers a detailed theological and philological interpretation of the Gospel of Matthew.
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E.
Apostle Matthew
Apostle Matthew was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, traditionally identified as a former tax collector and the author of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Mark preserves material from both Matthew and Luke Target entity description: The Augustinian hypothesis is a theory of the Synoptic Gospels’ literary relationship that places Matthew first, Luke second, and regards Mark as a later Gospel drawing on both of them.
-
A.
Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel of Matthew is a New Testament book that presents an account of Jesus Christ’s life, teachings, death, and resurrection, emphasizing his role as the Jewish Messiah and fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy.
-
B.
Commentary on Matthew
Commentary on Matthew is an early Christian exegetical work offering theological and pastoral interpretation of the Gospel of Matthew, traditionally attributed to the 4th-century bishop Hilary of Poitiers.
-
C.
Commentary on Matthew
Commentary on Matthew is an early Christian exegetical work by Origen that offers one of the first extensive theological and allegorical interpretations of the Gospel of Matthew.
-
D.
Commentary on Matthew
Commentary on Matthew is a significant early Christian exegetical work by Jerome that offers a detailed theological and philological interpretation of the Gospel of Matthew.
-
E.
Apostle Matthew
Apostle Matthew was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, traditionally identified as a former tax collector and the author of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
solution to the Synoptic Problem
ⓘ
theory of Synoptic relationships ⓘ |
| addresses | literary dependence among Synoptic Gospels ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
Gospel of Luke
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Gospel of Mark NERFINISHED ⓘ Gospel of Matthew NERFINISHED ⓘ Synoptic Gospels NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| assumes | canonical order reflects chronological order ⓘ |
| category | Christian biblical criticism ⓘ |
| claims |
Mark preserves material from both Matthew and Luke
ⓘ
Mark used Luke as a source NERFINISHED ⓘ Mark used Matthew as a source NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| competesWith |
Farrer hypothesis
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Griesbach hypothesis NERFINISHED ⓘ Two‑source hypothesis NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| denies |
Markan priority
ⓘ
existence of Q as necessary hypothesis ⓘ |
| explains |
Markan omissions as abbreviation of Matthew and Luke
ⓘ
Markan wording as conflation of Matthew and Luke ⓘ |
| field | New Testament studies ⓘ |
| focusesOn |
literary sources of Mark
ⓘ
order of composition of Synoptic Gospels ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName | Augustinian theory NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| historicalBasis | Augustine’s work De Consensu Evangelistarum NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| influencedBy | traditional church view of gospel order ⓘ |
| isBasedOn | writings of Augustine of Hippo NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| isNamedAfter | Augustine of Hippo NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| literarySequence |
Luke precedes Mark
ⓘ
Matthew precedes Luke ⓘ Matthew precedes Mark NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| placesFirst | Gospel of Matthew NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| placesSecond | Gospel of Luke NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| placesThird | Gospel of Mark NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| presupposes |
Matthew and Luke known to Mark
ⓘ
Matthew known to Luke ⓘ |
| proposesOrderOfComposition | Matthew–Luke–Mark NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| regards | Mark as epitome of Matthew and Luke ⓘ |
| rejects | hypothetical Q document as primary explanation ⓘ |
| statusInScholarship | minority position in contemporary scholarship ⓘ |
| subjectOf | New Testament scholarship ⓘ |
| timeOfOrigin | patristic era ⓘ |
| usedBy |
some Catholic biblical scholars
ⓘ
some conservative biblical scholars ⓘ |
| viewOfLuke | Luke is second written Gospel ⓘ |
| viewOfMark | Mark is dependent on Matthew and Luke NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| viewOfMatthew | Matthew is earliest written Gospel NERFINISHED ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Mark preserves material from both Matthew and Luke Description of subject: The Augustinian hypothesis is a theory of the Synoptic Gospels’ literary relationship that places Matthew first, Luke second, and regards Mark as a later Gospel drawing on both of them.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.