Herschel Space Observatory
E89249
The Herschel Space Observatory was a European Space Agency space telescope that studied the universe in far-infrared and submillimetre wavelengths, revealing cold and dusty regions such as star-forming clouds and distant galaxies.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Herschel Space Observatory canonical | 16 |
| Herschel | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T727651 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Herschel Space Observatory Context triple: [European Space Agency, mission, Herschel Space Observatory]
-
A.
Spitzer Space Telescope
The Spitzer Space Telescope was a NASA infrared space observatory that studied the universe in long-wavelength light, revealing cold, dusty, and distant objects invisible to optical telescopes.
-
B.
Gaia observatory
The Gaia observatory is a European Space Agency space telescope designed to create the most precise 3D map of the Milky Way by measuring the positions, distances, and motions of over a billion stars.
-
C.
Chandra X-ray Observatory
The Chandra X-ray Observatory is a space-based telescope that observes high-energy X-ray emissions from hot regions of the universe, such as exploded stars, galaxy clusters, and matter around black holes.
-
D.
Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope is a large, space-based observatory that has provided some of the most detailed images and data about the universe, revolutionizing modern astronomy and cosmology.
-
E.
Baade Telescope
The Baade Telescope is one of the twin 6.5-meter Magellan optical telescopes used for cutting-edge astronomical research in Chile.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Herschel Space Observatory Target entity description: The Herschel Space Observatory was a European Space Agency space telescope that studied the universe in far-infrared and submillimetre wavelengths, revealing cold and dusty regions such as star-forming clouds and distant galaxies.
-
A.
Spitzer Space Telescope
The Spitzer Space Telescope was a NASA infrared space observatory that studied the universe in long-wavelength light, revealing cold, dusty, and distant objects invisible to optical telescopes.
-
B.
Gaia observatory
The Gaia observatory is a European Space Agency space telescope designed to create the most precise 3D map of the Milky Way by measuring the positions, distances, and motions of over a billion stars.
-
C.
Chandra X-ray Observatory
The Chandra X-ray Observatory is a space-based telescope that observes high-energy X-ray emissions from hot regions of the universe, such as exploded stars, galaxy clusters, and matter around black holes.
-
D.
Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope is a large, space-based observatory that has provided some of the most detailed images and data about the universe, revolutionizing modern astronomy and cosmology.
-
E.
Baade Telescope
The Baade Telescope is one of the twin 6.5-meter Magellan optical telescopes used for cutting-edge astronomical research in Chile.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
European Space Agency mission
ⓘ
space observatory ⓘ space telescope ⓘ |
| agency | European Space Agency ⓘ |
| bandCoverage | 55–672 micrometres ⓘ |
| catalogCode |
Herschel Space Observatory
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Herschel
|
| collaboration |
Canadian Space Agency
ⓘ
NASA ⓘ |
| coolingMethod | superfluid helium cryostat ⓘ |
| country | European Space Agency member states ⓘ |
| cryogen | liquid helium ⓘ |
| deactivationDate | 2013-06-17 ⓘ |
| launchDate | 2009-05-14 ⓘ |
| launchLocation |
Kourou
ⓘ
surface form:
Kourou, French Guiana
|
| launchSite | Guiana Space Centre ⓘ |
| launchVehicle |
Ariane 5 ECA
ⓘ
surface form:
Ariane 5ECA
|
| location | Sun–Earth L2 ⓘ |
| massAtLaunch | approximately 3400 kilograms ⓘ |
| mirrorDiameter | 3.5 metres ⓘ |
| missionDuration | approximately 4 years ⓘ |
| missionEnd | 2013-04-29 ⓘ |
| missionGoal |
characterize interstellar dust and gas
ⓘ
investigate star formation ⓘ study chemistry of the universe ⓘ study galaxy evolution ⓘ |
| namedAfter | William Herschel ⓘ |
| notableResult |
detailed maps of cold molecular clouds
ⓘ
measurements of star-formation rates in distant galaxies ⓘ observations of water in protoplanetary disks ⓘ |
| operator | European Space Agency ⓘ |
| orbit | Lissajous orbit around Sun–Earth L2 point ⓘ |
| partOfProgram |
ESA Horizon 2000 programme
ⓘ
surface form:
ESA Horizon 2000 science program
|
| predecessor | Infrared Space Observatory ⓘ |
| primaryMirrorMaterial | silicon carbide ⓘ |
| primaryMission | study of cold and dusty regions of the universe ⓘ |
| scientificInstruments |
HIFI
ⓘ
PACS ⓘ SPIRE ⓘ |
| spacecraftBus | custom ESA design ⓘ |
| status | mission completed ⓘ |
| studies |
distant galaxies
ⓘ
interstellar medium ⓘ protoplanetary disks ⓘ protostars ⓘ star-forming molecular clouds ⓘ |
| successor |
James Webb Space Telescope
ⓘ
surface form:
James Webb Space Telescope (partially, in infrared coverage)
|
| telescopeType | Cassegrain telescope ⓘ |
| wavelengthRange |
far-infrared
ⓘ
submillimetre ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Herschel Space Observatory Description of subject: The Herschel Space Observatory was a European Space Agency space telescope that studied the universe in far-infrared and submillimetre wavelengths, revealing cold and dusty regions such as star-forming clouds and distant galaxies.
Referenced by (17)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Herschel
subject surface form:
Sun–Earth L2