Trouton’s rule

E807318

empirical thermodynamic rule thermodynamic relationship

Trouton’s rule is an empirical thermodynamic relationship stating that many non-associated liquids have nearly constant molar entropy of vaporization at their normal boiling points.

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Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	empirical thermodynamic rule ⓘ thermodynamic relationship ⓘ
appliesBestTo	monatomic liquids like noble gases ⓘ simple, non-polar, non-associated organic liquids ⓘ
appliesTo	non-associated liquids ⓘ normal boiling point ⓘ
approximateValue	ΔSvap ≈ 21 cal·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ at the normal boiling point ⓘ ΔSvap ≈ 85–88 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ at the normal boiling point ⓘ
assumes	liquid and vapor behave nearly ideally at the normal boiling point ⓘ no strong specific intermolecular associations in the liquid phase ⓘ
category	empirical correlation in thermodynamics ⓘ phase transition rule ⓘ
countryOfOrigin	United Kingdom ⓘ
describes	molar entropy of vaporization ⓘ
doesNotApplyWellTo	liquid acetic acid ⓘ liquid ammonia ⓘ liquid ethanol ⓘ liquid formic acid ⓘ liquid glycerol ⓘ liquid hydrogen fluoride ⓘ liquid ionic liquids ⓘ liquid metals ⓘ liquid methanol ⓘ strongly hydrogen-bonded liquids ⓘ water ⓘ
field	physical chemistry ⓘ thermodynamics ⓘ
historicalPeriod	late 19th century ⓘ
involvesQuantity	molar entropy ⓘ normal boiling temperature ⓘ
limitation	accuracy decreases for highly non-ideal systems ⓘ does not account explicitly for association or complex formation in the liquid ⓘ does not account explicitly for molecular structure ⓘ
mathematicalForm	ΔSvap = ΔHvap / Tb ⓘ
namedAfter	Frederick Thomas Trouton NERFINISHED ⓘ
nature	empirical ⓘ
predicts	similar entropy change for vaporization of many simple liquids ⓘ
relatedConcept	Clausius–Clapeyron equation NERFINISHED ⓘ Hildebrand solubility parameter NERFINISHED ⓘ Walden’s rule NERFINISHED ⓘ enthalpy of vaporization ⓘ entropy of vaporization ⓘ
statement	many non-associated liquids have nearly constant molar entropy of vaporization at their normal boiling points ⓘ
typicalValueRange	ΔSvap between 80 and 90 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ for many non-associated liquids ⓘ
usedFor	estimating enthalpy of vaporization from boiling point ⓘ estimating normal boiling point from enthalpy of vaporization ⓘ
usedIn	chemical engineering design ⓘ engineering thermodynamics ⓘ estimation methods for phase equilibria ⓘ
validAt	normal boiling point where liquid and vapor are in equilibrium at 1 atm ⓘ

Referenced by (3)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Frederick Thomas Trouton → knownFor → Trouton’s rule ⓘ

Frederick Thomas Trouton → notableWork → Trouton’s rule ⓘ

Frederick Thomas Trouton → notableConcept → Trouton’s rule ⓘ